知识经济时代，知识是企业成功的首要因素，知识管理成为企业创新的动力来源。知识管理以知识为核心，对知识进行管理和运用知识进行管理，通过知识共享和运用集体智慧提高应变能力和创新能力。知识共享作为知识管理的核心部分，是知识管理的难点所在。面对这一问题，就需要全面系统地对企业内部知识共享进行研究。本书从社会资本理论的视角，对企业内部的个体层次、群体层次和组织层次的知识共享进行分析，建立了企业内部知识共享的完整构架。首先，作为研究的基础，本书对知识共享理论、社会资本理论以及它们的相关性研究进行述评。其次，本书分析为何以社会资本理论来研究企业内部的知识共享。通过对知识的定义、分类和特征进行分析，以及对不同角度的知识共享模型进行评析，提出了企业内部知识共享的过程。从交易成本角度，本书对知识共享过程中主体双方的知识交易策略及交易成本进行了分析。社会资本理论作为深入分析社会交互作用的全新解释范式，已逐渐成熟，在此基础上探讨了基于社会资本的知识共享过程。再次，在社会资本视角的企业内部知识共享框架中，本书从三个方面进行深入分析。在个体层次，对企业成员基于社会资本的知识共享策略进行研究。提出社会资本对企业成员知识共享过程的影响，在此基础上，本书具体分析个体在知识共享过程的知识寻找、知识转移和知识整合三个阶段的策略。在群体层次，本书对企业内部知识共享网络的形成进行研究。提出社会资本的结构化形式是社会网络，分析了企业内部知识共享网络的动态演化，并探讨了企业内部知识共享网络关系的建立。在组织层次，本书着重研究企业的社会资本与知识共享环境。阐述了企业知识共享与企业竞争能力的关系，分析以知识为基础的企业竞争能力的形成过程以及知识共享对企业竞争能力形成的促进作用，并构建了组织学习的知识共享动态模型。在此基础上，从企业的社会资本角度，分析了信任和认知文化对企业内部知识共享环境的影响。最后，本书从社会资本的社会网络、信任和认知文化三个维度提出增进社会资本，促进企业内部知识共享的具体途径和对策。关键词：知识共享 知识管理 社会资本 社会网络 信任

The era of knowledge economy，knowledge is the primary factor in business success，knowledge management has become the power source of enterprise innovation. Knowledge management takes knowledge as core，manages and utilizes knowledge to carry out management，to raise strain ability and innovation ability by sharing knowledge and utilizing collective wisdom. Knowledge-sharing is the core and difficulty of knowledge management. Faced with this problem，we need a comprehensive system of the enterprise internal knowledge-sharing for research. From the perspective of social capital theory，the article has studied the individual enterprise level，group level and organizational level of knowledge sharing，established a integrity framework of knowledge-sharing within the enterprise.First of all，as the research base，the article has reviewed on the knowledge sharing theory，social capital theory and the relevance of their studies.Second，the article has analyzed why we apply social capital theory to study knowledge sharing within the enterprise. Through the knowledge of definitions，classifications and characteristics were analyzed，and the different angles of knowledge-sharing model were reviewed，the article has made analysis of internal knowledge sharing process. From the perspective of transaction costs，has analyzed both main trading strategies and transaction costs during the process of knowledge sharing，by comparing the theoretical analysis，the article thinks that social capital has been increasingly mature，as a new paradigm to explain in-depth analysis of social interaction，on this foundation，the article has discussed the knowledge sharing process based on social capital.Again，in the enterprise knowledge sharing framework from perspective of social capital，the article conducted in-depth analysis of the three aspects. In the individual level，knowledge sharing strategy of enterprise members based on social capital has studied. The article has proposed social capital has effect on enterprise member during the process of knowledge sharing，and on this basis，analyzed the individual knowledge sharing process strategy in the search for knowledge，knowledge transfer and knowledge integration of three stages.In group level，the article has studied knowledge sharing network forming within the enterprise. The article has proposed social capital structure of the form is social network，analyzed dynamic evolution of knowledge sharing network，and examined the establishment of relations of knowledge sharing network.The organization levels，the article focus on the social capital and enterprise knowledge sharing environment. The article has elaborated the relationship between enterprise knowledge sharing and the competitiveness of enterprises，analyzed the course of enterprise competitiveness forming on Knowledge basis and role in promoting the formation of enterprise competitiveness effected by knowledge sharing and constructed a dynamic knowledge sharing model. On this basis，from the enterprise perspective of social capital，the article has analyzed the influence on enterprise internal knowledge share environmental by trust and cognition culture.Finally，from the social capital of social networks，trust and cognition culture，three dimensions of social capital，the article has proposed specific ways and measures of knowledge sharing within enterprises.Key words：knowledge sharing； knowledge management； social capital； social networks； trust