本书在沿袭现有研究结论的基础上，对处于制度转型期的中国家族企业内部治理的正式化变革过程及其对家族企业双元目标和创新战略的影响进行探索式研究。具体而言，本书尝试研究三个方面的问题。

（1）检验家族企业治理正式化的驱动逻辑。利用2000—2014年中国私营企业调查数据库，结果发现：近年来家族企业正式化治理趋势明显，这一变革主要受到理性因素的推动，具体表现为遵循合法性逻辑。但当组织面对不同的内外部环境时，作为理性因素的两个重要维度，合法性逻辑和效率逻辑将有不同体现。

（2）在家族企业治理正式化变革过程中，分析其如何实现企业经济目标和家族目标的平衡。基于目标系统理论，使用第九次中国私营企业调查数据库，结果发现：第一，家族企业一方面能够利用非正式治理来实现经济目标和约束型社会情感财富保存目标，同时利用正式治理实现延伸型社会情感财富保存目标。进一步处于不同发展阶段和经营期望水平的家族企业，两类治理模式和两类目标的实现路径有所差异。第二，家族企业的正式治理转型有利于在保证经济目标的同时获得长期竞争优势。

（3）检验家族企业正式治理以及非正式治理对于探索式创新和开发式创新的影响机制和效果。基于组织双元性的分析框架，利用2004—2017年中国上市家族企业数据，结果发现：第一，家族企业一方面利用正式治理推动探索式创新，同时依靠非正式治理来引导开发式创新活动的投入。第二，企业内外部环境发生改变时，推动双元创新的路径将有所差异。第三，探索式创新和开发式创新的双元平衡战略能够显著提升企业的成长性。

本书有以下几个方面的参考价值：（1）揭示中国家族企业治理正式化变革的背后逻辑，突破以环境两分论假设为基础的研究视角，指出效率逻辑与合法性逻辑在不同情境中呈现出共存和融合的关系。（2）强调家族企业中经济目标和家族目标平衡的重要性，并通过引入家族企业治理识别出企业兼顾双元目标的具体途径，为深入理解家族企业双元目标的设定和实现路径提供新的理论视角。（3）探究家族企业如何利用正式治理和非正式治理来兼顾探索式创新和开发式创新，扩展了家族企业双元创新的研究视角。

本书的现实意义是：为了兼顾和平衡家族目标和企业目标、推进探索式创新和开发式创新活动，家族企业需要合理利用正式治理和非正式治理的协同作用。由此，家族企业在采纳现代公司治理实践时，取其精华、去其糟粕，将理性思维和儒家文化思维有效融合至治理转型过程，是具有中国特色的“最佳实践”。

关键词：家族企业；正式治理；非正式治理；双元目标；双元创新

Abstract

On the basis of existing research conclusions,this book conducts an exploratory study on the formal reform process of internal governance of Chinese family business in the period of institutional transformation and its impact on the dual goals and innovation strategies of family business.Specifically,this book attempts to study three issues：

（1）The first study explores the core logic behind the formalization of family business governance by using the database（2000-2014）of the Chinese Private Enterprise Survey.The results show that there is an obvious trend of formal governance among family enterprises in recent years.The formal governance of family businesses is mainly driven by rational factors,specifically the logic of legality.However,when organizations are faced with different internal and external environments,the legality and efficiency,as two important rational factors,will be reflected differently.

（2）Family businesses pursue both internal and external legality.Hence,they should balance the selection of internal legality（family goals）and efficiency（economic goals）Based on the Goal System Theory,the second study used the database of the ninth survey of Chinese private enterprises to investigate how family business governance affects economic goals and their selection and balance.The results show that: ①family businesses can employ informal governance to achieve e conomic goals as well to maintain constrained and extended socioemotional wealth.Furthermore,for family enterprises at different development stages and with different operation expectations,there are differences in the two types of governance models and the approaches to realizing these two goals.②formal governance transformation of family businesses is conducive to long-term competitive advantage while maintaining economic goals.

（3）The third study,based on the framework of organizational ambidexterity,investigated the influencing process and effect of the two governance models on exploratory innovation and exploitative innovation of family enterprises with the data of listed family enterprises in China from 2004 to 2017.The results show that: ①family enterprises can promote exploratory innovation and guide exploitative innovation activities by using formal governance.②When the internal and external environment of the enterprise changes,the paths to promote ambidextrous innovation will be different.③Balance and Combined between exploratory innovation and exploitative innovation can significantly improve the growth of enterprises.

This book investigates the process and effect of the transformation of the governance structure among Chinese family enterprises during the institutional transformation and reveals the logic behind it as well as the actual results.Accordingly,in terms of contributions,this research:①reveals the logic behind the formal change of family business governance in the China,studies beyond the research perspective based on the hypothesis of environmental dichotomy advocated by some neo-institutionalist scholars,and finds that the logic of efficiency and legality are not always mutually contradictory but co-exist or are integrated in different situations; ②emphasizes the importance of balancing economic goals and family ones in family enterprises,and identifies the specific ways for them to achieve dual goals by family business governance thus providing a new theoretical perspective for the in-depth understanding of the setting and realization of dual goals of family enterprises and enriching the research context of dual goals; ③explores how family businesses combine exploratory innovation and exploitative innovation with formal and informal governance,expands the research perspective of dual-innovation of family businesses,and responds to the call of the academia to“pay attention to how family governance affects the balance of corporate exploitative and exploratory innovation”; ④by reviewing the literature on family business governance,points out the influence of preservation motivation of constrained and extended socioemotional wealth on family business governance formalization process and the balance between exploratory innovation and exploitative innovation,which enriches the literature on family business socioemotional wealth.

This book also has practical enlightenment.The sustainable development of a family business cannot be achieved without the constraints of formal governance on personified relationship.But it may be uncommon or invalid to adopt formal governance only.In most cases,a combination of both formal and informal governance serves as a vital means to balance family and corporate goals and propel exploratory and exploitative innovation.When Chinese family enterprises adopt modern corporate governance experience,it may be the best practice with Chinese characteristics to take the essence and discard the dregs and effectively integrate rational thinking and Confucian cultural thinking into the governance process.

Key Words: Family Business,Formal Governance,Informal Governance,Dual Goal,Dual Innovation