Land desertification is not only a global ecological environment problem，but also a restricting factor to sustainable economic and social development.Ningxia HUI Autonomous Region is one of the provinces most seriously harmed by desertification in China.Data from the fourth monitoring on desertification indicates the land area of desertification reaches up to 2.898 million hectares accounting for 55.8% of the nationwide area.Since the 1970s，China has been implementing in Ningxia a succession of projects to control the desertification，such as Three-North Shelterbelt project，farmland into forest and grassland，small watershed in mountain region，The Natural Forest Conservation，closing hillsides to prohibit herding，etc，which in total 522，000 hectares are controlled so far.Ningxia is the first in the country to achieve the overall reversion of land desertification.

The implementation of the Desertification control to improve the ecological situation and to promote the local economic construction plays an important role in the revitalization of the regional economy.During the process of desertification，it is worthwhile for us to study how to make effective capital investment，how to enhance the control effect，how to measure the ecological，economic，social benefits，and how to practically improve the living standards of farmers and herdsmen.

Based on the standardized research and empirical research，quantitative research and qualitative research in association with the theories and methods of ecology，ecological economics，system science，landscape ecology and other kinds together with the practice of Ningxia desertification control，this paper starts with the descriptive analysis on Desertification control project on the ecological environment and social economic influence in the region，analyzes the effect of the project on the agricultural comprehensive productivity，production efficiency of farmer household，farmers’ income and consumption structure，studies with energy theory the economic and ecological effects of pre and post Ningxia desertification controlling，and utilizes quantitative research on the coupling conditions by using the coupling degree model and coordination degree model of Ningxia before and after the treatment of desertification of the eco-economic system.It illustrates the quantitative evaluation on the comprehensive benefit of the project.The main results of this research could be concluded as follows：

（1）According to different participation of the government and market on desertification control，the management patterns of desertification in Ningxia are divided into three types—the government-led，rural community self-governed，ecological （participatory management），market oriented.This paper analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of the government-dominated the internal operation mechanism of desertification control system.Three-North Shelterbelt project and farmland into forest and grassland are the typical type of government-dominant desertification.The former is driven by the force of the government while the latter is passive participation by rural households.Meanwhile the paper talks about the operation mechanism of Ningxia in the introduction of Germany aid project in the process of participatory management；discusses the necessity and feasibility of constructing the market desertification governance that can effectively consolidate the desertification results and solve the ecological problems and poverty.The system of desertification control market is created：government regulation as the core，with farmers and commissioned companies as cooperation are the framework for the ecological environment governance system.

（2）Based on the actual situation of research location，the spatiotemporal changes of ecosystem service function and value combined with a series of are measured by such indexes as water storage，soil conservation，air purification and others，associated with a series of scientific methods.The project has changed agricultural comprehensive productivity，farmers’ production efficiency，farmers’ income and consumption structure in Ningxia，and the changes have been studied in this thesis.The results show that：On the aspect of agricultural comprehensive productivity，before the project，the total sown area，agricultural labor and the quantity of chemical fertilizer all affect the total agricultural output value greatly.After the project，the elasticity coefficient of agricultural labor reduced 0.079，while the elasticity coefficient of land productivity increased by 0.639，from 3.442 to 4.081.And the elasticity coefficient of chemical fertilizer rose up slightly.Contribution degree of desertification controlling policy to the gross agricultural production is 0.247.On the aspect of effect analysis of farmers’ agricultural production efficiency：after the project，the agricultural technology efficiency and comprehensive production efficiency have been increased gradually，while scale efficiency went down following growth.The relaxation of input-output of agricultural resources including agricultural labor，chemical fertilizer，pesticide，seeds and plastic mulch shows decreasing trend.The analysis of the investigation indicated：Farmer income appears to be on the increase and the income structure tends to be diversified.After the project，consumption pattern of farmers has been changed；while fewer expenses are for foods，more expenses are required to be on healthcare and education，etc.

（3）On the basis of the theory and method of energy value，the research evaluated the ecological and economic effects of desertification control in Ningxia HUI Autonomous Region through analyzing the difference between the totalinput and output of ecosystem energy value.The results showed that both the total input and output energy value increased，From1975 to 2013，the input energy value went up from 6.98E+22sej to 8.43E+22sej，increased 20.77%.Output energy value went up from 1.75E+22sej to 2.64E+22sej，increased 50.8%.It is much large than the former.In the structure of the input energy value，Non-renewable environment source inputs show a downward trend，suggesting the positive effect of the desertification control on reducing soil erosion；the amount of renewable organic energy input is declining.When the structure of the total energy value output is diversified，the planting dominance is outweighed by the forestry.Meanwhile，the energy value investment ratio and environmental loading ratio increase early and decrease later，the net energy output ratio increased again after early increase and later decrease.

（4）With the analytic hierarchy process and by establishing the coupling degree model，the desertification control ecosystem’s coupling conditions in the NINGXIA HUI were quantitatively evaluated.The researches indicated that the level of ecological has greatly improved.The type of coupling coordinated was in the brink of depression initially.Now it is in the primary type of coordination.It indicated that the ecosystem’s coupling condition was gradually improved.Because of natural conditions and long-term implementation on engineering.The coupling situation in the NINGXIA HUI Autonomous Region was still not so good，basically in the stage of at primary coordination development.To achieve a higher harmonious level and coordinate the progress of ecological economization and economic ecologization，the High Efficient Eco-economic Zone Plan should be strictly implanted.

（5）The benefit evaluation index system and evaluation modeling have been established to analyze the comprehensive benefit value changes before and after the desertification control project.The comprehensive benefit value went up to 0.4 in 2004 from 0.16 in 1978，upgraded to the level of middle；while in 2012，the value was 0.6，indicating the control efficiency developed to be better.

Key Words：desertification control，synthetic benefit，eco-economic system，coupling effects