本书是中国社会科学院创新工程——中国中长期贸易战略课题的最终成果，总共包括了战略背景、中国对外贸易现状、新时期中国中长期贸易发展的挑战以及中国中长期贸易战略选择四个部分，分别由荆林波、赵京桥、袁平红、相均泳撰写。首先对当前中国发展面临的国际与国内大环境进行了深入研究，并提出了“随着国内外形势的动态变化，我国发展的战略机遇期正逐步过渡到战略挑战期”的重要判断，这个判断对整个课题的战略研究起到了重要的指导作用。基于战略背景的重要判断，报告全面深入分析了我国当前对外贸易发展的现状，包括规模、结构、国际市场、服务贸易、贸易平衡等，并点面结合，以广东为例，深入分析了广东的对外贸易发展及转型经验；以欧盟和其他金砖四国为例，分析了我国与重要贸易伙伴之间的贸易发展，并提出了促进贸易伙伴之间贸易发展的建议。报告认为新时期中国贸易发展面临的挑战主要有国内经济转型挑战、美国等大国战略调整挑战、中国威胁论的挑战、国内要素禀赋挑战、贸易强国的挑战五个方面。最后通过对国内外政治经济形势、中国贸易发展现状与挑战等全方位的分析，得出中国中长期贸易战略的三个基本取向，即要服从于经济发展总战略，要致力于贸易强国和要推动和谐国际经贸关系的构建。基于三个基本取向，课题组认为，中国中长期贸易战略要立足本土市场，实现内外贸易协同发展，将国内贸易的发展壮大作为我国扩大和提升国际贸易的基本立足点，在充分挖掘本土市场潜力、提高国内市场一体化的基础上，通过内部贸易的发展推动和提升对外贸易；发展服务经济，促进出口商品国际竞争力提升；继续巩固与美国、欧盟的合作；积极探索与亚太地区以及其他新兴经济体的经贸合作，为中国构建全球范围内的多元化、动态化经贸合作关系奠定基础；大力发展国际远洋运输，构建我国贸易的海上生命线，加强对我国领土、领海的保护权、壮大海军力量，有效提升国际远洋运输能力。

This book is the final result of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences' innovation project - China's medium- and long-term trade strategy, which includes four parts: strategic background, the current situation of China's foreign trade, the challenges of China's medium- and long-term trade development in the new era, and China's medium- and long-term trade strategic choices, written by Jing Linbo, Zhao Jingqiao, Yuan Pinghong and Xiang Junyong. Firstly, the current international and domestic environment facing China's development was thoroughly studied, and the important judgment that "with the dynamic changes of the domestic and international situation, the strategic opportunity period of China's development is gradually transitioning to the strategic challenge period", which played an important guiding role in the strategic research of the entire topic. Based on the important judgment of the strategic background, the report comprehensively and deeply analyzes the current situation of China's current foreign trade development, including scale, structure, international market, service trade, trade balance, etc., and combines the various aspects, taking Guangdong as an example, and deeply analyzes Guangdong's foreign trade development and transformation experience; Taking the EU and other BRIC countries as examples, the development of trade between China and important trading partners was analyzed, and suggestions were put forward to promote the development of trade between trading partners. The report believes that the challenges facing China's trade development in the new era mainly include the challenges of domestic economic transformation, the challenges of strategic adjustment of major countries such as the United States, the challenges of China's threat theory, the challenges of domestic factor endowments, and the challenges of trading powers. Finally, through the all-round analysis of the domestic and international political and economic situation, the current situation and challenges of China's trade development, the three basic orientations of China's medium- and long-term trade strategy are obtained, namely, to be subordinate to the overall strategy of economic development, to be committed to a strong trade country, and to promote the construction of harmonious international economic and trade relations. Based on the three basic orientations, the research group believes that China's medium- and long-term trade strategy should be based on the local market, achieve coordinated development of domestic and foreign trade, take the development and growth of domestic trade as the basic foothold for China to expand and enhance international trade, and promote and enhance foreign trade through the development of domestic trade on the basis of fully tapping the potential of the local market and improving the integration of the domestic market; Develop the service economy and promote the international competitiveness of export commodities; continue to consolidate cooperation with the United States and the European Union; Actively explore economic and trade cooperation with the Asia-Pacific region and other emerging economies, laying the foundation for China to build a diversified and dynamic economic and trade cooperative relationship on a global scale; Vigorously develop international ocean transportation, build a maritime lifeline for China's trade, strengthen the right to protect China's territory and territorial waters, strengthen naval forces, and effectively enhance international ocean transportation capabilities.（AI翻译）