收入差距问题一直是经济学关注的重要研究领域，居民收入区域差距是差距问题的重要组成部分，而农村居民收入区域差异问题更是经济社会研究的热点。对农村居民收入区域差异问题研究的演变遵循两条主线，其一是基于收入分配问题研究的细化，由居民收入分配问题研究具体到农村居民收入问题；其二是基于差距问题研究的深入，对区域差距问题的研究越来越受到重视。两条研究主线交叉的结果，就形成了农村居民收入的区域差异问题研究这一世界性课题。农村市场是中国潜在购买力最大的国内市场，拓展农村消费市场是发展中国内需经济的立足点。长期以来农村市场巨大的潜力并没有得到真正的释放，主要原因是缓慢增长的农村居民收入限制了农村消费的扩大。把握适度的农村居民收入区域间差异，能够促进区域农村居民收入水平的提高，对刺激农村消费以及扩大农村市场需求有着重要的作用。收入差距问题的研究不仅包括差距的测度，更重要的是分析差距产生的原因，最终是为了解决如何缩小差距问题。该专著借鉴收入差距的研究进程，在对已有区域收入差距理论和文献、个人收入的差距理论和文献以及收入差距趋势理论和文献回顾和总结的基础上，比较深入的探讨了以下几个基本问题：第一，验证了区域间收入差距的倒“U”形假说。依据理论模型推导出农村居民收入区域间差异倒“U”假说，通过历史演变、发展现状及未来趋势及总体变化等实证分析，共同验证了假说，即中国农村居民收入区域间差异从长期来看呈“U”形轨迹。第二，对中国农村居民收入区域类型进行了地域划分。打乱了原有的区域分类，依据农村居民收入水平及相关决定因素，从农村居民收入差异视角下对区域进行重新划分。科学、合理的进行区域类型划分和单元选择是区域差异分析的一个重要前提。第三，基于区域收入差异主要测度指标的分类归纳，对中国农村居民收入区域差异的演变历程和发展现状进行了深入分析。分别分阶段分析了省际间和区际间农村居民收入差异演变情况，并对两者进行了初步比较；运用基尼系数、泰尔指数及分解等方法，对农村居民收入省际间差异和区际间差异现状进行了研究，并探讨了差异的收入来源构成情况以及区域贡献情况。第四，对农村居民收入区域差异影响因素进行了分析。运用定性分析和实证分析两种方法，筛选出省际间和区际间农村居民收入差异的主要影响因素，以便找出差异产生的原因和进一步展开对策分析。第五，预测了中国农村居民收入区域差异未来的发展趋势。分别采用二次指数平滑法和ARMA模型两种方法，对农村居民收入省际间差异和区际间差异未来趋势进行了预测和比较。第六，探讨性分析了中国农村居民收入区域差异适度性。首先从理论视角对收入差异适度性进行了初步判断，包括基尼系数判断法、倒“U”拐点判断法以及判断准则法等；其次从经济增长、资源配置效率以及社会稳定与公平三个视角，运用隶属函数模型对收入区域差异适度性进行测算和分析。第七，基于农村居民收入区域差异与经济增长相互影响的机制和效应分析，提出调控差异的政策选择。包括政府视角的政策选择，如财税措施、社会保障措施以及市场法律法规等；产业视角的政策选择，如现代农业发展和非农产业发展等；农村居民视角的政策选择，如农村教育发展和农村人口流动等。农村居民收入区域差异问题研究是收入分配问题研究的一个重要热点，也是区域经济研究的前沿问题与热点问题之一。对这一问题的深入研究有相当大的难度，国内同类专著也不是很多，要完成有特色的专著需要付出巨大的努力。本书作者尽管做了巨大努力，但不足之处在所难免，一些地方还有待进一步探索和完善，以促使这一领域的研究有一个更大的进展。在当今比较浮躁的学术界，能够沉下心来进行学术研究的学人并不多，而钱力博士的这种努力是值得称道的。学术研究虽然艰辛，但只要努力付出，总会有所收获。相信本书能够引起经济学界同行和其他读者的兴趣，也希望钱力博士继续努力，不断获得新的突破。 2014年11月20日于兰州大学抚荪斋

The problem of income gap has always been an important research field of economic attention, and the regional gap of residents' income is an important part of the gap problem, and the problem of regional income difference of rural residents is a hot spot in economic and social research. The evolution of the research on the regional difference in rural residents' income follows two main lines, one is based on the refinement of the research on income distribution, and the study of residents' income distribution is specific to the income of rural residents; Second, based on the in-depth study of the gap issue, the study of regional gap has received more and more attention. As a result of the intersection of the two main lines of research, the study of regional differences in rural residents' income has been formed as a worldwide topic. The rural market is China's domestic market with the largest potential purchasing power, and expanding the rural consumer market is the foothold for developing China's domestic demand economy. For a long time, the huge potential of the rural market has not been truly unleashed, mainly because the slow-growing income of rural residents has limited the expansion of rural consumption. Grasping the moderate regional differences in rural residents' income can promote the improvement of regional rural residents' income level, and play an important role in stimulating rural consumption and expanding rural market demand. The study of income inequality not only includes the measurement of disparity, but more importantly, the analysis of the causes of disparity, and ultimately to solve the problem of how to narrow the gap. Based on the research process of income gap, this monograph discusses the following basic issues in depth on the basis of reviewing and summarizing the existing regional income gap theory and literature, the personal income gap theory and literature, and the income gap trend theory and literature: First, the inverted "U" hypothesis of interregional income gap is verified. Based on the theoretical model, the "U" hypothesis of regional differences in rural residents' income was derived, and through empirical analysis such as historical evolution, development status, future trend and overall change, the hypothesis was jointly verified, that is, the regional differences in income of rural residents in China showed a "U" shaped trajectory in the long run. Second, the regional division of income types of rural residents in China has been carried out. The original regional classification is disrupted, and the regions are redivided from the perspective of rural residents' income differences according to the income level of rural residents and related determinants. Scientific and reasonable regional type division and unit selection is an important prerequisite for regional difference analysis. Third, based on the classification and induction of the main measurement indicators of regional income differences, this paper analyzes the evolution and development status of regional income differences of rural residents in China. The evolution of income differences between provinces and regions was analyzed in stages, and a preliminary comparison was made between the two. Using Gini coefficient, Thiel index and decomposition, the current situation of inter-provincial and inter-regional differences in rural residents' income was studied, and the composition of income sources and regional contributions of differences were discussed. Fourth, the influencing factors of regional differences in rural residents' income are analyzed. Qualitative analysis and empirical analysis were used to screen out the main influencing factors of inter-provincial and inter-regional differences in rural residents' income, so as to find out the causes of the differences and further carry out countermeasure analysis. Fifth, it predicts the future development trend of regional differences in the income of rural residents in China. The quadratic exponential smoothing method and the ARMA model were used to predict and compare the future trends of inter-provincial and inter-regional differences in rural residents' income. Sixth, the moderation of regional differences in income of rural residents in China is analysed. Firstly, the moderation of income difference is preliminarily judged from the theoretical perspective, including the Gini coefficient judgment method, the inverted "U" inflection point judgment method and the judgment criterion method. Secondly, from the perspectives of economic growth, resource allocation efficiency, social stability and equity, the membership function model is used to measure and analyze the appropriateness of income regional differences. Seventh, based on the mechanism and effect analysis of the interaction between regional differences in rural residents' income and economic growth, policy options for regulating differences are proposed. including policy choices from the government's perspective, such as fiscal and tax measures, social security measures, and market laws and regulations; policy options from an industrial perspective, such as modern agricultural development and non-agricultural industry development; Policy choices from the perspective of rural residents, such as rural education development and rural migration. The study of regional differences in rural residents' income is an important hot spot in the study of income distribution, and it is also one of the frontier issues and hot issues in regional economic research. It is quite difficult to conduct in-depth research on this issue, and there are not many similar monographs in China, and it takes great efforts to complete distinctive monographs. Although the author of this book has made great efforts, shortcomings are inevitable, and some places need to be further explored and improved to promote greater progress in this field of research. In today's impetuous academic community, there are not many scholars who can sink their hearts into academic research, and Dr. Qian Li's efforts are commendable. Academic research is hard, but as long as you put in the effort, you will always reap the rewards. I believe that this book can arouse the interest of colleagues in the economics field and other readers, and I hope that Dr. Qian Li will continue to work hard and continue to make new breakthroughs. November 20, 2014 at Lanzhou University Fusunzhai（AI翻译）