摘要：随着城市化进程的不断加快，进城落户农民的数量越来越多。如何处理进城落户农民在农村的土地承包权、宅基地使用权和集体收益分配权是一项亟待解决的问题。2016年中央一号文件提出要维护进城落户农民的土地承包权、宅基地使用权和集体收益分配权，支持引导其依法有偿转让上述权益。维护权益的前提是赋权，要在坚持集体所有制的前提下，通过创新农村集体经济实现方式，从政策和法律上赋予农民在农村的上述权益。其次，要通过打破现有的集体经济的封闭边界，让农民权益的价值在更大的市场里得以体现。本书在案例分析的基础上，总结了一些地方在维护进城落户农民农村土地承包权、宅基地使用权和集体收益分配权方面的做法和经验。分析了维护和转让农民上述权益所存在的问题。提出要通过创新农村集体经济实现形式，分置农村居民的经济权益、政治权益和社会权益，通过土地确权和集体经营性财产股权量化到个人，允许其经济权益在更大的市场上依法自愿有偿转让，让农民享受到真正的财产权益。

Abstract：With the accelerated process of urbanization，more and more migrant farmers settled in the city. How to deal with the rural land contract rights，the use right of homestead land and the right of collective income distribution in rural areas is an emerging issue in the process of rural reform. The No. 1 Document of CPC Central Committee of 2016 proposed to protect farmers' land contract rights，use right of homestead land and the right of collective income claim，to support farms voluntary trade these rights in accordance with the law. The prerequisite is to empower these rights to the farmers. Under the condition of adhering to collective ownership，to empower farmers' rural rights based on policy and law by innovating the proper implementation of rural collective economic system. Secondly，instead of inner-village transaction limitation，the market niche of rural rights should be opened to the outside to ensure farmer's asset be priced by the market. Based on the case study，this book summarizes the experiences and lessons of current initiatives in Chongqing，Zhejiang，Fujian and Ningxia. To analyze the problems existing in the maintenance and transfer of the farmer's rural rights. We proposed an innovative way to implement rural collective economy，which is that to empower farmer's economic rights，political rights and social rights separately instead of stimulatingly empowered. By issuing land ownership registration certification and quantify shares of collective assets to individuals，famer's should be allowed voluntarily to trade their rural assets in the open market in accordance with the law to ensure farmers' true value of property rights.

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