中国古代文论作为一门学科，其理论体系之形态应是怎样的呢？虽然近现代中国古代文论研究已走过了近百年的历程。各种“史“与“论”的论著着实不少，但似乎并没有恰当地回应解决这个问题。以致被学界评价为“西方文论在中国”。本书在学界已有研究提供的经验与教训的启示下，以中西学术与文论之大别和会通为思想前提，以中国学问大传统为理论背景，接着“以文学承孔子”的刘勰《文心雕龙》等为代表的体现中国古代文论主脉大气的“基准”论著讲，并以现代理论方式尝试建构了一个不同于西方文论概念逻辑体系的纲目体系。本书认为中国古代文论纲目体系从纲上说，是由道、圣、文、闻道、诗教五纲构成的，五纲又各自统辖相关的目，从而构成以纲统目，并为道所一以贯之的纲目体系。中国古代文论体系之形态的纲目体系形态的确立与成功建构，使中国文论克服了自己长期以来的从属于西方文论概念逻辑体系的材料身份，而拥有了自身体系之形态，这为中西文论之会通提供了一重要条件与可能性。

As a discipline, what should be the shape of the theoretical system of ancient Chinese literary theory? Although the study of ancient Chinese literature in modern times has gone through a course of nearly a hundred years. There are many "history" and "theory" treatises, but it seems that they do not respond appropriately to this problem. So much so that it was evaluated by the academic circles as "Western literary theory in China". Inspired by the experience and lessons provided by the existing research in the academic circles, this book takes the great difference between Chinese and Western scholarship and literary theory as the ideological premise, takes the great tradition of Chinese learning as the theoretical background, and then "benchmark" treatises that embody the main vein of ancient Chinese literary theory represented by Liu Xun's "Wen Xin Diao Long" represented by "literature inherits Confucius", and tries to construct a program system different from the conceptual logic system of Western literary theory in a modern theoretical way. This book argues that the system of ancient Chinese literary theses is composed of the five principles of Tao, Sage, Literature, Wen Dao, and Poetry, and each of the five principles governs related items, thus constituting a program system that is unified by the program and is consistent by the Tao. The establishment and successful construction of the form of the program system of the ancient Chinese literary theory system has enabled Chinese literary theory to overcome its long-term material identity of subordination to the conceptual logic system of Western literary theory, and to have the form of its own system, which provides an important condition and possibility for the meeting of Chinese and Western literary theory.（AI翻译）