To the background of social transition in that China’s reform and opening-up presses forward and the deep contradictions highlight，it is first attributed to the issue of poor that a range of issues such as poverty，equitable distribution and vulnerable groups occurring during this period. The issue of poor is taken as the main thread；lots of relevant theoretical resources are quarried and collected from the depository of Western Economics，the theoretical issues of schools of Western Economics are researched in this thesis.

The research on the poor of schools of Western Economics shows a certain degree of regularity in general. That is，whenever the class contradictions and social conflicts of the period of intensification，the Western economists on behalf of the interests of different classes would study the problem of the poor，because of there different position，objective of there study is also different. As the representatives of the bourgeoisie，the Western economists strongly defended for capitalists and the capitalist system，some of them expressed great sympathy to the poor，but the theoretical views and policy recommendations of them were conductive to the interests of the bourgeoisie. Moreover，even if some policies and measures were favorable to the poor，it was also to ease the class contradictions，the improved policies and measures had not touched the essence of the capitalist system. The heterodox schools，whose ideas were more radical of Western Economics，carried out research on the poor in the process of strongly criticizing the capitalism reality. They pointed out that social policies can not solve the problems fundamentally，and some of there views were proposed.

In this thesis，the research on the poor of schools of Western Economics will be classified into three categories for analysis from the perspective of the history of economic thought，namely，the research on the poor of the state intervention schools of the orthodox school in Western Economics，the research on the poor of the liberalism schools of the orthodox school in Western Economics，as well as the research on the poor of the heterodox school in Western Economics.

In which，the thoughts of the state intervention schools of the orthodox school are that，the problems of the poor not only greatly undermined the harmony of capitalist society，and even affected the stability of capitalist rule. As a result，they maintained that countries should adopt policies and measures to adjust and reform the disharmony of capitalism society to improving the situation of the poor and easing class conflicts，so as to achieve the purpose of the stability of capitalist rule. The thoughts of the liberalism schools of the orthodox school are that，the problem of the poor is an inevitable phenomenon in the economic development of capitalism. In a sense，the expense of the interests of the poor would facilitate the development of the capitalist economy. And the intervention of governments would not improve the situation of the poor，even make the problems more worse. Therefore，they advocated the freedom to develop economy according to the rules of the market，the government should not do more intervention，even if the government intervention are necessary，its extent and scope should be limited. Generally heterodox school in Western Economics criticize the views of the orthodox school to the“left”gesture，they often expose the drawbacks and undesirable phenomena of the existing capitalist system，some of there arguments have been deep into the exploitation essence of the capitalist system.

In the thesis，it is found that，there are three main theory threads throughout in it，that is，the theory thread of state intervention and liberalism，the theory thread of equitable distribution，as well as the theory thread of harmony and conflict. These three theory threads are independent，but intersect with each other，showing a diminishing supply and complementary characteristics. These three theory threads can be the theoretical generalization at a high degree for the research of the poor of Western Economics.

In the basis of theoretical analysis，the research on policies and practices of the poor of the western developed countries was below the thesis. Since World War II，in order to maintain their normal social order，western developed countries tried to resolve and reduce the problems of the poor，the adverse consequences by the“Ricardo’s Law”. Therefore，some concepts of these countries were often favored to the harmonious thought，and the partial adjustments and changes were made in the specific forms and policies of relations of production. Such as through the expansion of globalization，western countries continued to copy their modern capitalist mode of production at the global level；the expansion of the middle class；the“democratic socialism”tendency of western countries especially the Nordic countries；the development of the social security system；attaching importance to the development of NGO and charities，and put it as“The Third Allocation”force to make up for the failure of market and government；strengthening the regulation of micro-enterprise system and advocating the green new concept of development etc.

From the analysis above，it is found that the theoretical perspectives and practical experience on the problems of the poor of western schools in Western Economics have a certain degree of enlightenment to our country，it can be reference reasonably. Such as the concept of equitable distribution and harmony，social welfare system，and the role of the charity of NGO etc. However，in the process of reference，we should notice that it is undesirable to apply to the views of Western Economics directly. Because there are some advantages and serious shortcomings in the views. The results applying are only polarized harmful. Therefore，the correct line of thought should be that basing on the current issues of the poor of China，absorbing the useful constituents of the research，abandoning its unreasonable and wrong constituents，summarizing the valuable policies and recommendations for our use. In this process，we must adhere to the basic tenets of Marxism as a guide，and always remain sober-minded and dialectical thinking.

Key words：Issue of Poor Equitable Distribution Harmonious and Conflict Theory Enlightenment