《中国居民的健康风险平滑机制研究》根据医疗服务的私人物品属性和公共物品属性，研究了中国居民和政府在应对健康风险中取得的成就和存在的问题。我们发现，中国居民能够通过生命周期中的储蓄、短期预防性储蓄、增加未遭受健康风险冲击的家庭成员的劳动供给、增加家庭转移支付、增加向村庄或社区内其他家庭的借贷等方式，积极应对健康风险冲击，而中国政府提供的医疗保险也在一定程度上提高了居民抵御健康风险的能力，但是仍然存在以下四个方面的问题：一，中老年居民抵御健康风险的难度较大；二，贫困居民抵御健康风险的能力较弱；三，居民抵御大病健康风险冲击的能力不足；四，医疗保险的筹资和医疗资源的利用存在一定程度的不平等。我们认为，居民能够依靠其自身能力解决的健康风险问题应当由居民自己解决，居民不能依靠其自身能力解决的健康风险问题应当由政府协助解决。我们建议，政府提供的医疗保险应当向中老年居民、贫困居民以及重大疾病倾斜，并促进医疗保险筹资和医疗资源利用的公平性。

"Research on the Health Risk Smoothing Mechanism of Chinese Residents" studies the achievements and existing problems of Chinese residents and government in coping with health risks according to the attributes of private goods and public goods of medical services. We find that Chinese residents can actively respond to health risk shocks through life-cycle savings, short-term preventive savings, increasing the labor supply of family members who have not been affected by health risks, increasing household transfer payments, and increasing borrowing from other families in villages or communities, and the medical insurance provided by the Chinese government has also improved residents' ability to resist health risks to a certain extent, but there are still the following four problems: First, it is difficult for middle-aged and elderly residents to resist health risks; Second, poor residents are less resilient to health risks; Third, residents' ability to withstand the impact of serious disease health risks is insufficient; Fourth, there is a certain degree of inequality in the financing of medical insurance and the use of medical resources. We believe that the health risks that residents can solve on their own should be solved by the residents themselves, and the health risks that residents cannot solve on their own should be solved by the government. We suggest that the medical insurance provided by the government should be skewed towards middle-aged and elderly residents, poor residents and major diseases, and promote the fairness of medical insurance financing and the use of medical resources.（AI翻译）

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