农民家庭是理性的，他们总是追求家庭成员总体效用的最大化和家庭福利的最大化。家庭中存在着有限的资源配置，其中最基本的经济资源就是家庭成员的劳动力和劳动技能或经验（即人力资本）以及数量有限的生产资料和物质资源。家庭中的每个人都根据自己的比较优势确定家庭中的分工。那么在许许多多农民家庭受到严重冲击的背景下，依然有如此多的家庭选择了让家庭成员外出打工，其决策机制是什么？人口外迁对农民家庭及其行为产生的总体影响应如何评估？

本书按照家庭经济学的基本框架，把农民家庭的经济活动分解为市场活动和非市场（家务）活动两个方面，并就“人口迁移对农民家庭市场活动和家庭收入的影响”、“人口迁移对农民家庭内部活动和家庭关系的影响”和“外迁人口的工作—庭关系及其对家庭的综合影响”三个专题进行了理论探索和实证研究。得到了“目前阶段务工收入给农民家庭带来的正效用大于人口外迁带来的各种负效用”，“劳动力外迁对农业生产影响的正负效应取决于制度、环境等因素”，“提升外迁人口及其家庭的意愿达成度和公平感知度对城镇化进程有着重要的影响”，“让农民工子女与市民子女同校、同班学习是实现农民工市民化的重要手段”，“家庭式迁移的推进和农民工的身份认同对于构建和谐工作一家庭关系具有重要意义”等结论。

Peasant families are rational, and they always seek to maximize the overall utility of family members and maximize family welfare. There is a limited allocation of resources in the family, the most basic of which is the labor force and labor skills or experience of the family members (i.e. human capital) and a limited number of means of production and material resources. Each person in the family determines the division of labor in the family according to his or her comparative advantages. So in the context of many peasant families being severely affected, there are still so many families who choose to let their family members go out to work, what is the decision-making mechanism? How should the overall impact of emigration on peasant households and their behaviour be assessed? According to the basic framework of family economics, this book decomposes the economic activities of peasant households into two aspects, market activities and non-market (housework) activities, and conducts theoretical exploration and empirical research on three topics: "The impact of population migration on the market activities and household income of peasant families", "The impact of population migration on the internal activities and family relations of peasant families" and "The work-court relationship of the migrant population and its comprehensive impact on the family". It has been obtained that "the positive effect of migrant income to peasant families at this stage is greater than the various negative effects brought by population migration", "the positive and negative effects of labor migration on agricultural production depend on institutional and environmental factors", "improving the degree of achievement of the will and fairness perception of the migrant population and their families has an important impact on the urbanization process", "allowing the children of migrant workers to study in the same school and class with the children of citizens is an important means to realize the urbanization of migrant workers". The promotion of family-type migration and the identity of migrant workers are of great significance for building a harmonious work-family relationship".（AI翻译）