Eco-efficiency is a regional input and output efficiency under the dual constrains of resource and environment，which could better reflect the level，ability as well as potential of a region’s green development. Currently China faces three major practical problems：an aging population urgently requires enhancing labor productivity，the tightening resource constraints request promoting the efficiency of resource use，the serious environmental pollution urgently demands reducing the environmental costs of economic development，namely improving environmental efficiency. While eco-efficiency considers economic efficiency，resource efficiency as well as environmental efficiency，it provides a new comprehensive perspective to investigate and solve the aforementioned three problems. Related research has great practical value and broad space for development. Though existing literature has made abundant achievements，there are some shortcomings. For example，the measurement has yet to be improved，and the research lacks of systematicness and pays insufficient attention to spatial association. Resolving these deficiencies contributes to the comprehensive recognition of the status and problems of eco-efficiency in various regions of China and proposing more workable policy recommendations to optimize the regional eco-efficiency as soon as possible and promote regional green development and ecological civilization construction.

Based on the ideas of “concept definition-theoretical connotation-method innovation-temporal-spatial transitions-influential mechanism-policy innovation”，this book strives for carrying on a comprehensive and systematic research of China’s green development from the perspective of regional eco-efficiency. ① On the basis of the definition and the theory connotation of eco-efficiency，a new data envelopment analysis model is proposed for a more comprehensive and accurate measurement of eco-efficiency. ②Economic efficiency，resource efficiency and environmental efficiency are treated as the subset of eco-efficiency to construct the efficiency system，and the measure methods are presented to carry on an empirical analysis. ③ Using the analysis method of geographic information system and temporal-spatial transitions and regarding Chinese provincial-level administrative region as the main object of observation，the intertemporal changes，regional differences and spatial agglomeration and development model of eco-efficiency and the subset efficiency since 2000 are investigated. ④From the perspective of inefficiency sources，growth decomposition and spatial econometric analysis，this book analyzes the effect factors and mechanisms of regional eco-efficiency by theoretical analysis and empirical study. ⑤ This book investigates the existence of “resource curse” in resource development areas and its causes by eco-efficiency. ⑥ The convergence mechanism of regional eco-efficiency is also analyzed，and methods such as dynamic panel models are used to empirical observation and testing. ⑦ The strategies and policy recommendations of optimizing regional eco-efficiency are discussed from the mechanisms innovation.

The main innovations and research findings are as following：

（1）A new and more comprehensive data envelopment analysis model （Meta-US-SBM model） is proposed to measure eco-efficiency，and the corresponding input-oriented or output-oriented measure model are put forward for economic efficiency，energy efficiency and environmental efficiency. The new model has obvious advantages compared with the conventional method，such as solving the problems of the heterogeneous technology，the full recognition，pass and intertemporal comparability and undesirable output，which is expected to give a more accurate and comprehensive measurement results and has quite practical application value.

（2）Using GIS method，the spatial features of Chinese provinces’ green development are systematically analyzed and significant heterogeneity，path dependence and other features are discovered. Chinese eco-efficiency exhibits a U-shaped variation，but there are huge regional differences with the obvious polarization in Eastern and Midwestern regions；The spatial agglomeration state of provinces’ eco-efficient is quite evident，and high value-concentrating regions expand along the coast from south to north；Both region eco-efficiency and development models have path dependence，and compared with the eco-efficiency economic growth appears more positive transitions. Economic efficiency，energy efficiency and environmental efficiency have significantly different characteristics in regional distribution and evolution.

（3）The influencing factors of eco-efficiency are analyzed from the perspectives of the growth sources and quantitative analysis，and the influence mechanisms of the technological innovation，industrial structure and financial development on eco-efficiency are clarified and empirically tested by spatial econometric models. Technological advances and economies of scale are the main sources of eco-efficiency growth. Industrial structure and financial development have their own eco-efficiency impact mechanism respectively，which are heterogeneous according to the time periods and regions.

（4）The existence of “resource curse” phenomenon is revealed from the perspective of eco-efficiency，and its causes are studied. The comparison study of the control samples constructed by structure control method shows that more than 60% of eco-efficiency of resource development area come from the scale effect，and that the efficiency of resource use sector is much lower than that of resources exploitation department. The “resource curse” phenomenon and low eco-efficiency are caused by the waste of resources in abundant environment，rather than resources exploitation.

（5）The hypothesis of eco-efficiency gradient convergence in the eastern and western regions is proposed and verified by the empirical observation with the use of dynamic spatial panel models and provincial panel data.

Keywords：Green development；Eco-efficiency；Coordination of resource，environment and economy（CREE）；Temporal-spatial transitions；Spatial spillover effect；Influence mechanism；Convergence