This paper concentrates on the adaptability adjustment of institutional transformation in China in the three aspects of the system of property rights，government behavior and ideology from the perspective of new institutionalism.Overall，the institutional transformation in China is a large-scale institutional change related to all fields of economic，political，social and cultural.Due to the complexity of the institutional transformation，the transition takes on a lot of features which new institutionalism theory can not cover and is called features of “discretionary” in the paper.It is shown in the following ways：timely conversion of main roles of institutional change，the pattern of institutional change with attendant “induced” and “mandatory”，transition and adaptability of the path of institutional change and the adaptability adjustment of ideological form.The main factors that affects institutional transformation includes not only the interest goals of actors，but also other factors of the changing institutional environment，as the constitutional order，ideology，decentralization reform of the central government and the process of market-oriented，interest groups and the distribution of power.

In the institutional transformation in China，the system of property rights，government actions and ideology make the adaptability adjustment with the changes in the institutional showing regularity characteristics，which constitute the overall picture of the institutional transformation.Among them，the system of property rights is a priority.If we evaluate the reform of property rights in China based on the view of economic performance of new institutionalism，this is not only inconsistent with the general standard of system performance，and not in line with China's specific national conditions.We build the view of multidimensional performance combining procedural performance and real performance，static performance and dynamic performance to replace the view of single performance only containing the economic performance criteria in order to evaluate the performance of reform of the enterprise property right system in Chinese institutional transformation.Throughout the empirical analysis，this paper points out that in the institutional transformation the adjustment of property rights system of state-owned enterprises and private enterprises has certain “adaptive efficiency”，that is，the property right systems in various stages have the characteristics of relative efficiency and dynamic adaptability.But from the point of static view of procedural performance，there exists the non-coupling of system of property rights，external competition mechanism and the internal governance structure，as well as the inharmony of the system of supply and demand and the lack of related supporting reforms of institutional arrangements.Meanwhile，in the aspect of real performance，state-owned enterprises have achieved significant economic performance since the reform，but there is a great lack in the fair performance.

Referring to the changes of government behavior，the paper argues that whether the evolution of the behavior of the central government or that of local government behavior itself is the adaptability adjustment under the motives of seeking profit according to the institutional environment，only that the objective function and the institutional environment which they face is not exactly the same.The adaptability adjustment conducted by the central government for environmental change is mainly reflected in its decentralization acts including administrative decentralization，economic decentralization，fiscal decentralization and political decentralization.The decentralization of the central government behavior is in accordance to China's economic system in various stages，whose process of decentralization is mainly limited by the macroeconomic institutional framework and the official ideology.Overall，the decentralization of the central government acts shows the market-oriented characteristics under the auspices of the central government.China forms a kind of unique political and economic structure of the relative concentration in politics and relative autonomy in economics by adapting to the leading of central government and market-oriented reforms.

Due to the rule of the government evolution of Sunan Model and Wenzhou Model，this paper concludes the general trajectory of the adjustment of the behavior of local governments，i.e.the behavior of local governments experience changes in three stages from“directly accede” to “indirectly promote” and then to “provide peripheral services”.The characteristics of government behavior in the stage of the “directly accede” mainly includes direct intervention，taking on everything and a strong resource for mobilization and disposable capacity.In this stage，government actions affect the whole process of the enterprise economic activity and dominate economic behavior of firms.The characteristics of government behavior in the stage of “indirectly promote” is very different from taking on everything of the stage of “direct accede”.In this stage，the government steers “passively” from the “leader” to “facilitator” under the objective institutional environment.The government acts as the role of a “corporate broker” i.e.the government pushes the enterprises into the market through various way actively and the government exits from the role of managing specific economic enterprises.Due to the change of the relationship from business brokers to mutual aid or reciprocality between government and enterprises，the government in the stage of “provide peripheral services” no longer directly manages and operates on the enterprise，but commits to creating a better market environment in the region and strengthening macro guidance of the enterprise.The evolution of the behavior characteristics is the result of the adaptability adjustment of the local government according to the internal and external environment.The environmental factors which affect the behavior adjustment of local governments mainly includes the process of market-oriented，institutional environment including macro-system environment and micro-system environment，policy environment and ideological constraints.

The effect of the adjustment of the behavior of the central government and local government has a dual nature.It both promotes and hinders economic and social development and forms the“paradox of government behavior”，which is not a complete equivalent to the “North Paradox” and “institutional paradox”.The paradox of the behavior of the Chinese government in the institutional transformation is mainly due to institutional factors behind the behavior of the government i.e.mainly due to that the ideology and the related system has not made adaptability adjustment timely for the changed economic base and the institutional environment.

System and behavior are inseparable from the guide of the concept.The greatest constraints posing for the system of property rights and government action in the institutional transformation is the official ideology as the adjustment of the property system and the government action must be accompanied by adjustment of the official ideology.In the process of institutional transformation in China，the official ideology in fact is an important part of the formal system.Reflecting in national policy documents as well as the Constitution and legal system，the official ideology has rigid constraints on the behavior of individuals and groups and national institutional change so is often as important components of the institutional environment.The most important ideological factors that impact the current Chinese institutional transformation is the relationship between planning and the market，the nature of ownership，the relationship between the public sector of the economy and the non-public economy as well as the relationship between efficiency and fairness in the the field of distribution.The ideological adjustment in institutional transformation in China shows the characteristics of the paralleling of the official ideology and the traditional cultural values，the bidirectional adaptability of the ideology and other institutional arrangements and institutional environment，the unity of stability and flexibility and pragmatism permeated with the practical rationality，etc.At the same time，the effect in ideological institutional transformation shows a decreasing trend from the center to the margin.And different ideological preferences of local governments determines to some extent the path of economic development and the economic model of the region just like the case of that the formation of Sunan Model and Wenzhou Model is due to the local government's ideological differences.While we are sure of the positive role of ideology and adjustment of concept，we should also see its lacks which exists in cognitive，invention and starting delays in the reform of state-owned enterprises，inability in explaining the problems in the reality in the changes of property rights and distribution system，the failure to establish the ideology for the market economy and to a reasonable Seeking Profits behavior，that they can not play the function of diluting the opportunistic behavior and also in inharmony of traditional culture and values of the market economy，and so on.

The great achievement in Chinese institutional transformation is mainly owing to the adaptability adjustment of property rights，government behavior and ideology.However，we should also be fully aware of that there are still many problems in the adjustment of these three areas，and some of them become so serious that even have affected the performance and process of China's reformation.This is a question of the first importance we have to solve in the future tends of the adaptability adjustment.In the matter of the system of enterprise property rights supported to introduce a series of related supporting reforms to continue to improve the corporate governance structure and external competition mechanism on the basis of the deepening of enterprise reform of property rights，to reasonably set social goals and the target market of the state-owned enterprises，to improve the supporting reforms of related political，economic and legal systems.In terms of government behavior，that is to properly deal with the relationship between the central government，local and enterprise，to promote the establishment of public service-oriented government by changing the philosophy of government action，building a system of public finance and reforming the evaluation standards of government performance，to constrain the paradox for behavior of the local government by improving checks and balances mechanism of the local government.In ideology and concept，that is to develop and improve the mainstream ideology under the principle of making coexisting dominance and inclusiveness，to taking into account the inheritance and innovation；adaptability and flexibility，effectiveness and practicality and to build cultural foundation and values system compatible with the socialist market economic system in order to better guide and standardize people's market behavior.

To sum up，there are two crucial issues need to be solved in the deep development of institutional transformation.In the first place，the related system must be reformed，especially the political system and economic system.In the second place，it will continue to promote the adjustment of ideology and ideas keep pace with the times.Not only because that ideology and ideas can make a reasonable description of the results of the transformation，but also it could guide the system to continues to adaptability adjustment.

Key words：Adaptability adjustment；Institutional transformation；New institutionalism；The system of property Rights；Government actions；Ideology

This paper concentrates on the adaptability adjustment of institutional transformation in China in the three aspects of the system of property rights，government behavior and ideology from the perspective of new institutionalism. Overall，the institutional transformation in China is a large-scale institutional change related to all fields of economic，political，social and cultural. Due to the complexity of the institutional transformation，the transition takes on a lot of features which new institutionalism theory can not cover and is called features of “discretionary” in the paper. It is shown in the following ways：timely conversion of main roles of institutional change，the pattern of institutional change with attendant “induced” and “mandatory”，transition and adaptability of the path of institutional change and the adaptability adjustment of ideological form. The main factors that affects institutional transformation includes not only the interest goals of actors，but also other factors of the changing institutional environment，as the constitutional order，ideology，decentralization reform of the central government and the process of market-oriented，interest groups and the distribution of power. In the institutional transformation in China，the system of property rights，government actions and ideology make the adaptability adjustment with the changes in the institutional showing regularity characteristics，which constitute the overall picture of the institutional transformation. Among them，the system of property rights is a priority. If we evaluate the reform of property rights in China based on the view of economic performance of new institutionalism，this is not only inconsistent with the general standard of system performance，and not in line with China's specific national conditions. We build the view of multidimensional performance combining procedural performance and real performance，static performance and dynamic performance to replace the view of single performance only containing the economic performance criteria in order to evaluate the performance of reform of the enterprise property right system in Chinese institutional transformation. Throughout the empirical analysis，this paper points out that in the institutional transformation the adjustment of property rights system of state-owned enterprises and private enterprises has certain “adaptive efficiency”，that is，the property right systems in various stages have the characteristics of relative efficiency and dynamic adaptability. But from the point of static view of procedural performance，there exists the non-coupling of system of property rights，external competition mechanism and the internal governance structure，as well as the inharmony of the system of supply and demand and the lack of related supporting reforms of institutional arrangements. Meanwhile，in the aspect of real performance，state-owned enterprises have achieved significant economic performance since the reform，but there is a great lack in the fair performance. Referring to the changes of government behavior，the paper argues that whether the evolution of the behavior of the central government or that of local government behavior itself is the adaptability adjustment under the motives of seeking profit according to the institutional environment，only that the objective function and the institutional environment which they face is not exactly the same. The adaptability adjustment conducted by the central government for environmental change is mainly reflected in its decentralization acts including administrative decentralization， economic decentralization，fiscal decentralization and political decentralization. The decentralization of the central government behavior is in accordance to China's economic system in various stages，whose process of decentralization is mainly limited by the macroeconomic institutional framework and the official ideology. Overall，the decentralization of the central government acts shows the market-oriented characteristics under the auspices of the central government. China forms a kind of unique political and economic structure of the relative concentration in politics and relative autonomy in economics by adapting to the leading of central government and market-oriented reforms. Due to the rule of the government evolution of Sunan Model and Wenzhou Model，this paper concludes the general trajectory of the adjustment of the behavior of local governments，i.e.the behavior of local governments experience changes in three stages from“directly accede” to “indirectly promote” and then to “provide peripheral services”. The characteristics of government behavior in the stage of the “directly accede” mainly includes direct intervention，taking on everything and a strong resource for mobilization and disposable capacity. In this stage，government actions affect the whole process of the enterprise economic activity and dominate economic behavior of firms. The characteristics of government behavior in the stage of “indirectly promote” is very different from taking on everything of the stage of “direct accede”. In this stage，the government steers “passively” from the “leader” to “facilitator” under the objective institutional environment. The government acts as the role of a “corporate broker” i.e.the government pushes the enterprises into the market through various way actively and the government exits from the role of managing specific economic enterprises. Due to the change of the relationship from business brokers to mutual aid or reciprocality between government and enterprises，the government in the stage of “provide peripheral services” no longer directly manages and operates on the enterprise，but commits to creating a better market environment in the region and strengthening macro guidance of the enterprise. The evolution of the behavior characteristics is the result of the adaptability adjustment of the local government according to the internal and external environment. The environmental factors which affect the behavior adjustment of local governments mainly includes the process of market-oriented，institutional environment including macro-system environment and micro-system environment，policy environment and ideological constraints. The effect of the adjustment of the behavior of the central government and local government has a dual nature. It both promotes and hinders economic and social development and forms the“paradox of government behavior”，which is not a complete equivalent to the “North Paradox” and “institutional paradox” . The paradox of the behavior of the Chinese government in the institutional transformation is mainly due to institutional factors behind the behavior of the government i.e.mainly due to that the ideology and the related system has not made adaptability adjustment timely for the changed economic base and the institutional environment. System and behavior are inseparable from the guide of the concept. The greatest constraints posing for the system of property rights and government action in the institutional transformation is the official ideology as the adjustment of the property system and the government action must be accompanied by adjustment of the official ideology. In the process of institutional transformation in China，the official ideology in fact is an important part of the formal system. Reflecting in national policy documents as well as the Constitution and legal system，the official ideology has rigid constraints on the behavior of individuals and groups and national institutional change so is often as important components of the institutional environment. The most important ideological factors that impact the current Chinese institutional transformation is the relationship between planning and the market，the nature of ownership，the relationship between the public sector of the economy and the non-public economy as well as the relationship between efficiency and fairness in the the field of distribution. The ideological adjustment in institutional transformation in China shows the characteristics of the paralleling of the official ideology and the traditional cultural values，the bidirectional adaptability of the ideology and other institutional arrangements and institutional environment，the unity of stability and flexibility and pragmatism permeated with the practical rationality，etc. At the same time，the effect in ideological institutional transformation shows a decreasing trend from the center to the margin. And different ideological preferences of local governments determines to some extent the path of economic development and the economic model of the region just like the case of that the formation of Sunan Model and Wenzhou Model is due to the local government's ideological differences. While we are sure of the positive role of ideology and adjustment of concept，we should also see its lacks which exists in cognitive，invention and starting delays in the reform of state-owned enterprises，inability in explaining the problems in the reality in the changes of property rights and distribution system，the failure to establish the ideology for the market economy and to a reasonable Seeking Profits behavior，that they can not play the function of diluting the opportunistic behavior and also in inharmony of traditional culture and values of the market economy，and so on. The great achievement in Chinese institutional transformation is mainly owing to the adaptability adjustment of property rights，government behavior and ideology. However，we should also be fully aware of that there are still many problems in the adjustment of these three areas，and some of them become so serious that even have affected the performance and process of China's reformation. This is a question of the first importance we have to solve in the future tends of the adaptability adjustment. In the matter of the system of enterprise property rights supported to introduce a series of related supporting reforms to continue to improve the corporate governance structure and external competition mechanism on the basis of the deepening of enterprise reform of property rights，to reasonably set social goals and the target market of the state-owned enterprises，to improve the supporting reforms of related political，economic and legal systems. In terms of government behavior，that is to properly deal with the relationship between the central government，local and enterprise，to promote the establishment of public service-oriented government by changing the philosophy of government action，building a system of public finance and reforming the evaluation standards of government performance，to constrain the paradox for behavior of the local government by improving checks and balances mechanism of the local government. In ideology and concept，that is to develop and improve the mainstream ideology under the principle of making coexisting dominance and inclusiveness，to taking into account the inheritance and innovation； adaptability and flexibility，effectiveness and practicality and to build cultural foundation and values system compatible with the socialist market economic system in order to better guide and standardize people's market behavior. To sum up，there are two crucial issues need to be solved in the deep development of institutional transformation. In the first place，the related system must be reformed，especially the political system and economic system. In the second place，it will continue to promote the adjustment of ideology and ideas keep pace with the times. Not only because that ideology and ideas can make a reasonable description of the results of the transformation，but also it could guide the system to continues to adaptability adjustment. Key words：Adaptability adjustment； Institutional transformation； New institutionalism； The system of property Rights； Government actions； Ideology（AI翻译）