China has entered the period of rapid social transition since the Eighteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China.Owing to the advancement of reform and opening up and economic globalization，our society has undergone profound changes.Economic marketization，political democratization，cultural diversification and pluralization of concepts have given rise to the changes in people's ideas，modes of thinking and ways of life.The upheaval of USSR and East Europe made socialism at a low ebb worldwide.Against this background，as a socialist country，the identity of the socialist ideology and how to enhance the mainstream social ideology identity in China matter a lot to the future and destiny of Marxism and international communism，to the rise and fall of the country and the nation，to enhancing the Chinese national cohesion and the Chinese soft power，to consolidating the ruling status of the Communist Party of China and to China's harmonious and stable social order and the security of ideology.In the report at 18th Party Congress，Hu Jintao addressed that we should maintain leadership and initiative in theoretical work，provide correct guidance，enhance our ability to guide public opinion，and strengthen the influence of the underlying trend of thought in our country.

On August 19th，2013，at the Party's National Conference on Propaganda Work，Xi Jinping readdressed that ideological work is an extremely important work of the party，which matters greatly to the party's future and destiny，national long period of stability，national cohesion and solidarity.The Decision on Major Issues Concerning Comprehensively Deepening Reforms was adopted on November 12th at the close of the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee，which stated“building a culturally strong country，and increasing its cultural power is the root of China's cultural development and that we must adhere to the direction of socialist advanced culture，adhere to the path of development of socialist culture with Chinese characteristics，cultivate and practice socialist core values，and strengthen the guiding position of Marxism in the field of ideology and consolidate the common thought foundation which unites the party and the people of all nationalities.”

Therefore，the significant practical and theoretical issues that need serious consideration and study are how to unite people's minds，to realize and enhance the mainstream social ideology identity，to integrate and coordinate various social interests，to maintain social stability，and to promote the development of society.

Taking the guiding principles of the Eighteenth National Congress of the CPC，The Decision on Major Issues Concerning Comprehensively Deepening Reforms which was adopted at the close of the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee and the important expositions of General Secretary Xi Jinping as the theoretical basis，the globalization，informatization and diversification as the background，the contemporary mainstream social ideology identity as the main thread，the strategies to enhance the mainstream social ideology identity as the priority and goal，the dissertation takes a close look at the general situation of the mainstream social ideology identity in China.Through the analysis of the challenges confronting the mainstream ideology identity and the profound summary of the lessons in our social mainstream ideology identity and reference to the Soviet Communist Party ideology identity，the dissertation proposes the main principles，mechanisms，ways and means of enhancing the contemporary mainstream social ideology identity in China to accomplish the Chinese dream.