2011年，中央发布了《关于加快水利改革发展的决定》的1号文件，提出了我国水利事业发展的目标、原则、任务和措施。充分显示水利事业对国计民生的极端重要性。本书是在2007年批准立项的国家社科基金《基于调水工程的区域可持续发展研究——以引洮供水工程为例》（批准号：07BYJ042）结项成果的基础上修改完成的。总体上分析调水工程对区域经济社会全面发展有何影响以及区域的具体状况对调水工程本身有何影响，探讨之间的相互促进机制。重点分析受水区水资源与全面发展的关系、调水量安排、水价制定、水的治理、补偿和承载力等涉及可持续发展等子命题。研究成果对在建的“引洮供水一期工程”和拟建的“引洮供水二期工程”有现实指导意义；对深入开展西部大开发、增进民族团结、维护社会稳定有重大的政治意义。

“水是生命之源、生产之要、生态之基”。以定西为代表的陇中黄土高原丘陵沟壑区与洮河流域毗邻，这里历来是各级政府、学术界非常关注的贫困地区，也是世界著名的生态问题突出地区，古称“苦瘠甲于天下”。年均降雨量251—556mm，年均蒸发量1250—1950mm，属典型的干旱半干旱气候，地表水、地下水资源均十分匮乏。洮河是黄河上游的一条重要支流，从陇中黄土高原丘陵沟壑区擦肩而过，约占黄河干流兰州以上天然来水量的17%。被称为陇上“都江堰”的“引洮供水工程”通过九甸峡水利枢纽抬高水位进行自流引水，旨在解决甘肃中部干旱地区安定区、陇西县、渭源县、临洮县，兰州市榆中县，白银市会宁县等11个国家级贫困县区的人畜饮水、工业用水、生态环境用水及灌溉用水，惠及300多万人。

调水工程对区域持续发展的影响及对策研究，现有的成果主要集中在受水区经济和生态条件的改善层面，另附带调水所带来的一些负面影响的分析，内容比较雷同。本书在承继已有研究成果内容的基础上，主要从以下几方面开展：引洮工程涉及的区域属于我国生态敏感区，生态功能区划理当作为分析之基础；政府主导的引洮工程水资源分配方案是否合理；在生态功能区划和水资源约束条件下，取水区、受水区产业结构如何调整；引洮工程受水区生产、生活用水价格的如何确定及其用水户承受能力怎样；鉴于我国调水工程重技术轻管理的实际，同时考虑政府和市场在水资源治理中的固有局限性，探讨公众参与的水资源多元治理十分必要；引洮工程在一定程度上减少了取水区经济社会发展的机遇，如何坚守区域发展中的公平正义原则，补偿研究不可或缺；较之政府确定的配置方案，引洮工程水资源优化配置后水资源承载力是否有所提高。

本书属于地理经济学、制度经济学、区域经济学、社会学、生态学等跨学科交叉研究。从研究目标看，本书属于解释性研究，即解释各利益相关者的现状行为特征；从资料的来源看，本书属于实地研究和文献研究的结合；从分析的动态过程看，本书属于演绎推理为主、归纳推理为辅的规范研究；从研究用途看，本书属于应用研究；从资料本身的类别看，则本书属于定性与定量结合的研究类型。

本书可以作为水利经济、区域经济、公共管理领域的广大科研工作者的研究参考资料，也可以为水利部门、农业部门、政府事业管理部门的实际工作者使用。

作者

2012年1月

In 2011, the central government issued Document No. 1 of the Decision on Accelerating the Reform and Development of Water Conservancy, which put forward the goals, principles, tasks and measures for the development of China's water conservancy industry. It fully demonstrates the extreme importance of water conservancy to the national economy and people's livelihood. This book is revised and completed on the basis of the results of the National Social Science Foundation of China in 2007 "Research on Regional Sustainable Development Based on Water Diversion Project-Taking the Water Supply Project as an Example" (approval number: 07BYJ042). In general, the impact of water diversion projects on the overall economic and social development of the region and the impact of the specific conditions of the region on the water diversion projects themselves are analyzed, and the mutual promotion mechanism between them is explored. It focuses on the relationship between water resources and comprehensive development in the affected areas, water transfer arrangements, water price formulation, water governance, compensation and carrying capacity, and other sub-propositions involving sustainable development. The research results have practical guiding significance for the "Phase I Project" under construction and the proposed "Phase II Project". It is of great political significance to the in-depth development of the western region, enhancing ethnic unity, and maintaining social stability. "Water is the source of life, the key to production, and the foundation of ecology." The hilly and gully area of the Loess Plateau in Longzhong represented by Dingxi is adjacent to the Tao River Basin, which has always been a poverty-stricken area of great concern to governments at all levels and academia, and is also a world-famous area with prominent ecological problems. The average annual rainfall is 251-556mm, and the average annual evaporation is 1250-1950mm, which is a typical arid and semi-arid climate, and surface water and groundwater resources are very scarce. The Tao River is an important tributary of the upper reaches of the Yellow River, passing through the hilly ravines of the Loess Plateau in central Longzhong, accounting for about 17% of the natural water above Lanzhou, the main stream of the Yellow River. The "Diversion Water Supply Project", known as the "Dujiangyan" in Longshang, raises the water level through the Jiudianxia Water Conservancy Hub for artesian water diversion, aiming to solve the problem of human and livestock drinking water, industrial water, ecological environment water and irrigation water in 11 state-level poor counties and districts in the arid area of central Gansu, including Anding County, Longxi County, Weiyuan County, Lintao County, Yuzhong County of Lanzhou City, and Huining County of Baiyin City, benefiting more than 3 million people. The existing results of the research on the impact of water diversion projects on regional sustainable development and countermeasures mainly focus on the improvement of economic and ecological conditions in the affected areas, and are accompanied by the analysis of some negative impacts caused by water diversion, and the content is relatively similar. On the basis of inheriting the content of the existing research results, this book is mainly carried out from the following aspects: the area involved in the drainage project belongs to the ecologically sensitive area in China, and the ecological function zoning should be used as the basis for analysis; whether the government-led water allocation plan for drainage projects is reasonable; Under the conditions of ecological function zoning and water resource constraints, how to adjust the industrial structure of water intake areas and water-receiving areas; How to determine the price of production and domestic water in the water-affected area of the diversion project and the affordability of water users; In view of the fact that China's water diversion projects emphasize technology over management, and consider the inherent limitations of the government and the market in water resources governance, it is necessary to explore the diversified governance of water resources with public participation. To a certain extent, the drainage project reduces the opportunities for the economic and social development of the water intake area, and how to adhere to the principle of fairness and justice in regional development, compensation research is indispensable; Compared with the allocation plan determined by the government, whether the carrying capacity of water resources has been improved after the optimal allocation of water resources in the drainage project. This book belongs to the interdisciplinary research of geographical economics, institutional economics, regional economics, sociology, ecology and so on. From the perspective of research objectives, this book belongs to explanatory research, that is, to explain the current behavior characteristics of various stakeholders; From the source of the data, this book belongs to the combination of field research and documentary research; From the perspective of the dynamic process of analysis, this book belongs to the normative research of deductive reasoning as the main and inductive reasoning as the supplement; From the perspective of research use, this book belongs to applied research; From the category of the data itself, this book belongs to the type of research that combines qualitative and quantitative. This book can be used as a research reference for the majority of scientific researchers in the fields of water conservancy economy, regional economy and public management, and can also be used by practical workers in water conservancy departments, agricultural departments, and government affairs management departments. Author, January 2012（AI翻译）