The original intent of Earnings Management is to improve the enterprise accounting information quality.To make accounting information reflect companies’ performance more realisticly and accurately，standard setters take full account of flexibilities in applying accounting standards and leave companies with certain choices in the standard setting process.Earnings Management emerges in this circumstance.The economic consequences of Earnings Management and Profit Manipulation have some similar characteristics to some extent，there is a phenomenon that confuses the Earnings Management with the Profit Manipulation.However，the Earnings Management is totally different from the Profit Manipulation in their definitions，natures，means or legalities.So，how to define and distinct Earnings Management and Profit Manipulation reasonably and how to utilize the extent in Earnings Management have become important topics of Earnings Management research，which need to be addressed urgently.This book is a research project sponsored by the Philosophy and Social Science Research Base in Zhejiang province，the Government Regulation and Public Policy Research Center of Zhejiang University of Finance and Economics.It’s also a further study of a concluded project supported by the office of Science and Technology of Zhejiang Province.The research team gathers data by site investigations from various sources，such as the CSRC，certified public accountants，accounting practitioners，making full use of the resource advantages and technical supports provided by the Base.The team has obtained first-hand data，which is greatly conductive to laying solid foundation for the research project.

This book takes the Earnings Management as the research object，puts forward a conceptual framework of Earnings Manipulation and excessive and appropriate Earnings Management innovatively through summarizing related literatures both home and abroad；reviewing the legal regulations of Profit Manipulation；investigating the definitions and treatments about Earnings Management and Profit Manipulation from various related parties，such as the CSRC，certified public accountants，accounting practitioners，summarizing general Profit Manipulation techniques such as the falsifications of income confirmation，the falsifications of cost confirmation，the use of related party transactions，the use of accounting policy choices and accounting estimates，then proposes corresponding audit countermeasures and restricting measures.In addition，according to the new enterprise accounting standards，this book also discusses the Earnings Management flexibilities provided by accounting standards with the related stock market cases.On the basis of the normative research，this book has done the positive research about seven existing problems of Earnings Management such as operating performance，corporate governance structure，social audit，ST and^*ST companies，mergers and acquisitions，executive turnover and auditor change.Finally，this book presents the regulatory measures for excessive Earnings Management，clarifying the ways and means of government regulatory as well as future regulatory direction.

Key Words Listed Companies Profit Manipulation Earnings Management Definitions Distinctions Regulations