经济增长和充分就业是宏观经济的两个重要目标，各国政府都在积极采取各种政策措施，以实现经济持续稳定增长，增加就业和减少失业。改革开放以来，我国经济发生了翻天覆地的变化，经济结构进行了重大调整，经济持续高速增长，但是就业却没有太大增长，就业压力越来越大，失业率的居高不下，已成为全社会关注的问题。

是什么原因导致我国的经济增长与就业增长不协调，经济结构调整在经济增长与就业之间起了什么样的作用。改革开放以来，我国经济增长与经济结构变化的特征与关联如何，经济增长与就业增长的特征与关联如何，我国经济增长、经济结构与就业之间存在怎样的互动机理和互动模式，如何解决经济增长中的结构调整和就业问题，这些都成为学术界、政府和民众关注的问题。

本书以经济结构为主线，在论述了经济增长、经济结构与就业理论的基础上，利用描述分析、差异分析、系统聚类分析和经济计量分析等方法，研究了经济增长与产业结构、行业结构、支出结构、地区结构的动态关联，以及产出结构和消费结构变化与经济周期波动的关联，揭示了我国经济增长、经济结构与就业的趋势特征和相依性特征；利用计量经济学的HP滤波和门限回归方法，分解了经济增长率与失业率的波动部分，建立了经济增长率与失业率区制相依的非线性奥肯方程，揭示了经济增长与就业增长随经济周期变化的内在规律。即在经济扩张期，奥肯系数为正，表明扩张期增长中的“创造性毁灭”效应大于资本化效应，而在经济收缩期，奥肯系数为负，表明收缩期资本化效应大于“创造性毁灭”效应，从而揭示了转型期我国经济增长与就业增长不协调的内在机理；利用格兰杰因果关系检验、基于劳动力视角的GDP增量效益分解，以及建立的扩展柯布—道格拉斯（Cobb-Douglas）生产函数模型，揭示了经济增长、经济结构与就业的互动机理和互动模式，分析了经济增长与就业增长不协调的原因，提出了调整经济结构，促进经济与就业共同增长的对策建议，为政府制定相应的宏观经济政策以及产业政策与就业政策提供参考。

Economic growth and full employment are two important macroeconomic objectives, and all governments are actively adopting various policy measures to achieve sustained and stable economic growth, increase employment and reduce unemployment. Since the reform and opening up, China's economy has undergone earth-shaking changes, the economic structure has undergone major adjustments, and the economy has sustained high-speed growth, but employment has not grown much, employment pressure is increasing, and the unemployment rate remains high, which has become a problem of concern to the whole society. What causes China's economic growth and employment growth to be inconsistent, and what role does economic restructuring play between economic growth and employment? Since the reform and opening up, the characteristics and correlation between China's economic growth and economic structural changes, the characteristics and correlation between economic growth and employment growth, the interaction mechanism and mode between China's economic growth, economic structure and employment, and how to solve the structural adjustment and employment problems in economic growth have become issues of concern to the academic community, the government and the public. Taking economic structure as the main line, on the basis of discussing the theory of economic growth, economic structure and employment, this book uses descriptive analysis, difference analysis, systematic cluster analysis and econometric analysis to study the dynamic correlation between economic growth and industrial structure, industry structure, expenditure structure and regional structure, as well as the relationship between changes in output structure and consumption structure and fluctuations in economic cycles, revealing the trend characteristics and dependence characteristics of China's economic growth, economic structure and employment. Using the econometric HP filtering and threshold regression methods, the fluctuations of economic growth rate and unemployment rate are decomposed, and the nonlinear Okun equation dependent on the economic growth rate and unemployment rate zone system is established, revealing the internal law of economic growth and employment growth changing with the economic cycle. That is, in the period of economic expansion, the Okun coefficient is positive, indicating that the "creative destruction" effect in the growth period of expansion is greater than the capitalization effect, while in the economic contraction period, the Okun coefficient is negative, indicating that the capitalization effect of the contraction period is greater than the "creative destruction" effect, thus revealing the internal mechanism of the incongruity between China's economic growth and employment growth during the transition period; Using the Grainger causality test, GDP incremental benefit decomposition based on the perspective of labor, and the extended Cobb-Douglas production function model, the interaction mechanism and interaction mode of economic growth, economic structure and employment are revealed, the reasons for the incongruity between economic growth and employment growth are analyzed, and countermeasures and suggestions for adjusting the economic structure and promoting the common growth of economy and employment are proposed, which provides reference for the government to formulate corresponding macroeconomic policies, industrial policies and employment policies.（AI翻译）