“National Medium and Long-term Educational Reform and Development Program（2010—2020）” put forward clearly to perfecting the modern university system with Chinese characteristics，improving the structure of university.“CPC Decision on Deepening the Reform of Some Major Issues”，adopted at the third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee，made clear to“deepen comprehensive reforms in the area of education”.Higher education is mainly focused on the separation of management and evaluation，reform of the management system，expansion of provincial power to education management and school autonomy，improving the internal governance structure.Visibly，with the change of higher education management and the further release of school vitality，in the future，the most important relationship faced by university is no longer the contradictional relationship with government，but the cooperation relationship with society.University will carry out power decentralization，perfect internal governance structure，inspire internal organization vitality，and promote overall transition with characteristically development by internal reform.

School is the main power to achieve the development goal as soon as university objectives are established，so the healthy development of school is the fundamental guarantee for the quality of university.Therefore，governance study focus should be the school management.It will shift from university management system to operation mode of the school，which reflects the inevitable change from “modern university system” to “modern school system”.The popularization of higher education promotes the reform of university school system.University has formed a third-level institution system of “University-School-Department”，expanded school's operative and administrative autonomy，realized management focus's down shift and improved management efficiency.But there is a lot of problems such as the decentraliza tion is not strong enough，the power configuration is not balanced enough，the relationship of powers and responsibilities is not clear，power clashes often happen，school autonomy is lack，endogenous construction is weak，and so on.These institutional barriers hinder school development and affect education quality of the university.Therefore，the first important issue with decentralization is to optimize the internal governance structure，especially the school governance structure，in order to improve their school functions.From organizational structure，the school is an affiliation with the university，but from the organization properties，school has its own power structure and operation mechanism.It can be said that school governance had unified characters of both macro and micro，the parts and the whole.So，school governance is the final destination of university governance，as well as the core carrier of internal governance of the university.

School is an academic community guided by academic and political power，protected by administrative power，with economic power as a lever and symbolic power as the essence.This study attempts to learn from foreign universities governance mode and Chinese university school reform，to build “category-driven，collaborative governance and overall improvement” school governance model and explore the construction of modern school system by qualitative research methods.This study will break down hierarchy replication of the university administrative system in schools，and try to demonstrate academic power and return to academic standard.It will build pluralistic governance structure as the core of stakeholder power interaction with teachers and students，and establish collaborative governance mechanisms based on the college academic characteristics and fundamental functions.In this study，power is the central concept，the core power relation is the relationship between administrative power and academic power.

This research combs the theoretical foundation of university governance and extracts the basic elements and values of school governance from multidisciplinary perspectives.It also analyzes different types of school governance structures and mechanisms from both static and dynamic aspects through analysis tools of field theory.At last，it puts forward the conception of school governance pattern by learning from foreign advanced concepts and combining with the current problems of internal management in Chinese universities.This thesis structure is divided into five parts：the first chapter is an introduction which describes the background，significance and methods of the research，and also defines the concepts.Chapter Ⅱ is the part of basic theory，which includes the main ideas and basic spirit of governance theory.This part extracts the essential elements and values of school governance from the analysis of governance theory and field theory，which provided clear direction and path for school governance research.Chapter Ⅲ is the section of realistic interpretation，which decomposes main interaction mechanism and realistic predicament of three kinds of school governance with the clue of power allocation and operation mechanism by the methods of positiousing field observation，questionnaires and indepth interviews.Chapter Ⅳ is a comparative study，which combs and summarizes the experience of internal governance structure and school system in five countries’universities such as United Kingdom，the United States，France，Germany，and Japan.At the same time，it researches and analyzes the experiences and difficulties of 2011's pilot schools of the Ministry of Education，in order to provide experience and demonstration for the current school governance reform.Chapter Ⅴ is the part of reform conception，which divides schools into three types under the model of “mission-structure-function”and puts forward to the conception of classification reform，collaborative governance and integrated governance of three types of schools.Finally，it rearranges and rethinks full text in the epilogue，pointing out shortcomings of the book and the next stage of research.