2009年年初，作为应对国际金融危机一揽子计划的重要组成部分，中国在钢铁、打色金属、石化、汽车等十个产业实施调整与振兴规划。调整振兴规划是短期应对危机措施（保增长）和中长期产业发展政策（调结构）的结合。其中，“调结构”政策是原有产业政策的延续，具有较强直接干预市场、以政府选择代替市场机制和限制竞争的管制性特征，是典型的选择性产业政策。本书对以上十个重点行业的调整与振兴规划的具体实施情况、面临的丰要问题以及政策的效果进行了详细的解析。从实施情况来看，调整振兴规划在保增长、扩大内需方面起到了立竿见影的效果，但是也带来一些不良的政策后果，例如进一步刺激了钢铁等行业产能投资，使得保增长、扩内需政策退出后，产能过剩问题更为突出。调整振兴规划虽在调结构方面作用有限，且由于过于依赖行政手段，政策存在许多值得商榷之处，并由此带来诸多负面效应。本书以此为基础，在重新认识市场机制与“市场失灵”的基础上，进一步反思中国产业政策的理论基础与政策取向。在发展和转型国家存在的所谓“市场失灵”，实则多是“政府失灵”或“制度失灵”，实施直接干预市场型的产业政策只会使问题更为严重。中国应调整产业政策取向，转为实施以“完善市场机制，维护公平竞争，增进市场机能，扩展市场作用范闱，补充市场不足”的功能性产业政策。

At the beginning of 2009, as an important part of the package to cope with the international financial crisis, China implemented adjustment and revitalization plans in ten industries, including steel, non-ferrous metals, petrochemicals and automobiles. The adjustment and revitalization plan is a combination of short-term crisis response measures (maintaining growth) and medium- and long-term industrial development policies (structural adjustment). Among them, the "structural adjustment" policy is a continuation of the original industrial policy, which has the regulatory characteristics of strong direct intervention in the market, replacing the market mechanism with government choice and restricting competition, and is a typical selective industrial policy. This book provides a detailed analysis of the specific implementation of the adjustment and revitalization plan of the above ten key industries, the important problems faced and the effects of the policies. From the perspective of implementation, the adjustment of the revitalization plan has played an immediate effect in maintaining growth and expanding domestic demand, but it has also brought some adverse policy consequences, such as further stimulating capacity investment in steel and other industries, making the problem of overcapacity more prominent after the withdrawal of policies to maintain growth and expand domestic demand. Although the adjustment and revitalization plan has a limited role in adjusting the structure, and due to the excessive reliance on administrative means, there are many debatable points in the policy, which has brought many negative effects. Based on this, this book further reflects on the theoretical basis and policy orientation of China's industrial policy on the basis of re-understanding market mechanism and "market failure". The so-called "market failures" that exist in developing and transition countries are actually "government failures" or "institutional failures", and the implementation of direct intervention in market-based industrial policies will only exacerbate the problem. China should adjust the orientation of its industrial policy and shift to a functional industrial policy that "improves market mechanisms, maintains fair competition, enhances market functions, expands the scope of market roles, and supplements market deficiencies."（AI翻译）