作为国家社科基金项目《边疆民族地区构建社会主义和谐社会进程中的社会稳定问题调查研究——以云南为例》（立项号05BSH034，结项证书号20070415）的研究成果全文，本书分为上、下两卷。上卷为《综合研究报告》，下卷分别为以区域国际地缘环境、民族关系和民族团结、突出社会问题、民族宗教作为主题的《专题研究报告》4篇，总以《社会和谐与边疆稳定：基于地缘、民族、社会和宗教的实证研究》为题刊印出版。值此之际，谨就有关情况略作说明如下以供参考。

1.整体情况。上举国家社科基金研究课题，系于2005年由作者领衔申报获准立项，到2007年年初完成结题，经云南省社科规划办主持验收通过后，同年8月由全国社科规划办上网公布为“优秀”等级，并于次年以《维护云南边疆稳定的对策建议》为题刊发《成果要报》2008年第38期（总第498期），上报中央政治局委员、书记处书记、国务院总理、副总理等党和国家高层领导及中央政研室、国务院研究室等有关部门，之后又由中共云南省委领导作出重要批示。

2.研究主题。本书所载课题成果，主题是以云南边境沿线地区作为主要空间范畴，对现阶段边疆民族地区的社会稳定问题展开调查研究。随着我国改革开放不断深化步入“黄金发展期”和“矛盾凸显期”，党和国家作出全面构建社会主义和谐社会的最新重大战略部署。在这一特定的时代背景下，课题组遵照胡锦涛总书记在中央党校重要讲话精神和党的十六届六中全会《关于构建社会主义和谐社会若干重大问题的决定》，以全新的理念和更加广阔的视角，分别从区域国际地缘环境、民族关系和民族团结、突出社会问题、民族宗教4个方面，深入探讨了云南边疆民族地区尤其是边境沿线地带，在新形势下维护社会和谐稳定的各种有利因素和存在的主要问题及隐患，并提出相应的对策和建议。

3.成果价值。研究成果的价值，除由全国社科规划办刊发《成果要报》上报党和国家高层领导及中央有关部门，发挥出固有的“资政”功能与价值，对于推动维护边疆稳定工作的不断深化，起到了重要的作用之外，在学术界也得到了较一致的好评。其中，上卷《综合研究报告》于2009年获云南省哲学社会科学优秀成果一等奖，其余的经浓缩、删节或改写后，正陆续在云南大学《思想战线》等全国核心期刊上发表，以供学术界对当前我国一系列的社会热点问题尤其是边疆民族地区社会稳定问题进行研究时作为参考。

4.主要创新。扼要说来，成果从云南边境民族地区的实际出发，突破了“社会问题→破坏边疆稳定”，“治理社会问题→维护边疆稳定”的传统思维模式，将影响和维护社会和谐稳定的相关因素，大幅度拓展为区域国际地缘环境、民族关系与民族团结、突出社会问题，以及民族宗教4个方面，使得人们对边疆民族地区社会和谐稳定的理解和认识，更加系统全面并达到了一个新的高度。与此同时，成果中以和谐理念为主基调提出的一系列对策建议，例如与云南毒品问题密切相关的“金三角”毒源地和民族地方武装问题、境外敌对势力问题、现阶段边境沿线地区部分少数民族的“整体性贫困”问题、涉及民族因素的群体性事件问题、“禁毒防艾人民战争”的长效机制问题以及民族宗教问题中按照中央最新精神转变观念加强管理等等，都既切合实际又有一定的理论或实践创新意义。

5.研究方法。作为“问题与对策”类的实证研究，方法上课题组遵循“调查先行”和理论与实践相结合、定性与定量相结合的原则，相继由课题负责人带队分期分批前往云南边境沿线各州市，在通过走访公安、边防、政法、民族、宗教、外事等有关职能部门了解情况的同时，有选择地深入到边境一线怒江州福贡、泸水，保山市腾冲，德宏州陇川、瑞丽，临沧市耿马、镇康，普洱市（原思茅市）孟连、澜沧，西双版纳州景洪、勐海、勐腊，红河州金平、河口，文山州马关等10多个边境县市和部分沿边村寨，以及中缅边界片马口岸境外大田坝、腾冲口岸滇滩境外扳瓦、瑞丽口岸境外木姐和南坎、畹町口岸境外九谷（棒赛）、孟连口岸猛啊境外佤邦邦康（邦桑）、打洛口岸境外小勐拉，中老边界磨憨口岸境外磨町、南塔，中越边界河口口岸境外老街和缅、老、泰3国结合部老挝会晒与“金三角”腹地美斯乐、清盛、清孔、湄赛等地进行实地调查，从中收集到了大量的第一手最新资料，为课题研究提供了有力的支撑。

6.操作程序。从较大意义上讲，本书所载各研究报告，都是凝集着课题组全体成员心血和汗水的结晶。简而言之，本课题的研究，是在经过深入细致的实地调查后，按课题设计和研究提纲，先是由包括作者本人在内各子课题承担人分头执笔形成各《专题研究报告》初稿，然后由课题负责人即作者以此作为基础，经归纳整理、补充修改、提炼升华和融会贯通，执笔形成最终成果《综合研究报告》，并与经过反复修改的各《专题研究报告》一道，共同组成呈现在大家面前的这样一份课题成果全文。其中，课题组的主要成员，按《专题研究报告》的排列顺序依次为云南省社会科学院马树洪教授、云南民族大学张晓松和云南行政学院李根教授、云南警官学院阮惠风博士、云南民族大学韩军学教授等。这些拥有不同学科专业背景和丰硕前期成果，并在各自研究领域内颇有建树的专家学者参加到课题组中来，为课题研究的顺利完成提供了可靠的保障。对于上列课题组成员承担的具体工作任务和相应成果，我们将在各《专题研究报告》结尾处加以明确标注。

7.其他问题。基于由课题研究成果转化为学术著作的需要，我们在此次公开出版时，除对成果的格式进行了适当调整以求规范统一之外，对标题也作了必要的精简，并对成果中的相关数据加以部分补充和更新。与此同时，遵照国家法令和云南省有关部门的审查意见，还对成果中暂不宜公开的部分，作了较大幅度的删节或技术处理。再就是限于时间、精力尤其是功力和水平，加之云南边境线漫长、毗邻国家和少数民族众多、自然与人文地理环境特殊、情况错综复杂涉及面广、调查研究工作难度较大，因而对于书中的失误欠妥之处，还望学术界同仁和广大读者见谅并不吝赐教。

最后，借此机会，谨向长期以来给以我们关心支持的全国社科规划办、云南省社科规划办、云南民族大学，以及云南省及边境沿线地区各级党委、政府各有关部门与各民族干部群众和境外相关人士，致以衷心的感谢！

鲁刚

2010年春于昆明莲花池

As the full text of the research results of the National Social Science Foundation project "Investigation and Research on Social Stability in the Process of Building a Socialist Harmonious Society in Border Ethnic Areas-Taking Yunnan as an Example" (project number 05BSH034, certificate number 20070415), this book is divided into two volumes. The first volume is "Comprehensive Research Report", and the second volume is four "Special Research Reports" on the themes of regional and international geopolitical environment, ethnic relations and ethnic unity, highlighting social issues, and ethnic religion, and is always published under the title "Social Harmony and Border Stability: Empirical Research Based on Geographic, Ethnic, Social and Religious Relations". On this occasion, I would like to briefly explain the relevant situation as follows for reference. 1. Overall situation. The research project of the National Social Science Fund was approved by the author in 2005, and was completed in early 2007, and after being accepted and approved by the Yunnan Provincial Social Science Planning Office, it was announced on the Internet by the National Social Science Planning Office in August of the same year as "excellent" grade, and the following year the "Results Bulletin" No. 38 (No. 498) of 2008 was published with the title of "Suggestions on Countermeasures for Maintaining the Stability of Yunnan Frontier", and reported to the members of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee, the Secretary of the Secretariat, the Premier of the State Council, The vice premier and other high-level party and state leaders, as well as relevant departments such as the Central Political Research Office and the State Council Research Office, and then the leaders of the Yunnan Provincial Party Committee of the Communist Party of China made important instructions. 2. Research the topic. The theme of the project results contained in this book is to investigate and study the social stability of border ethnic areas at this stage, taking the areas along the border of Yunnan as the main spatial category. With the deepening of China's reform and opening up, entering the "golden period of development" and the "period of prominent contradictions", the party and the state have made the latest major strategic deployment for comprehensively building a harmonious socialist society. In this specific context, in accordance with the spirit of General Secretary Hu Jintao's important speech at the Central Party School and the Decision on Several Major Issues Concerning the Construction of a Harmonious Socialist Society of the Sixth Plenary Session of the 16th CPC Central Committee, the research group deeply discussed the ethnic areas of Yunnan's frontiers, especially along the border, from four aspects: regional and international geopolitical environment, ethnic relations and ethnic unity, highlighting social issues, and ethnic and religious areas, with brand-new concepts and broader perspectives. Under the new situation, various favorable factors for maintaining social harmony and stability, as well as the main problems and hidden dangers that exist, and put forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions. 3. Achievement value. The value of the research results, in addition to the fact that the National Social Science Planning Office published the "Achievements Bulletin" to report to the senior leaders of the party and the state and relevant central departments, giving play to the inherent function and value of "senior administration", which played an important role in promoting the continuous deepening of the work of maintaining stability in the border areas, and also received unanimous praise in the academic circles. Among them, the first volume of "Comprehensive Research Report" won the first prize of Yunnan Province Outstanding Achievement in Philosophy and Social Sciences in 2009, and the rest have been condensed, abridged or rewritten, and are being published in national core journals such as "Ideological Front" of Yunnan University, for academic circles to use as a reference when researching a series of social hot issues in China, especially social stability in border ethnic areas. 4. Major innovations. To sum up, proceeding from the reality of Yunnan's border ethnic areas, the results have broken through the traditional thinking mode of "social problems → undermine border stability" and "managing social problems → maintaining border stability", and greatly expanded the relevant factors affecting and maintaining social harmony and stability to four aspects: regional and international geopolitical environment, ethnic relations and ethnic unity, highlighting social issues, and ethnic and religious aspects, so that people's understanding and understanding of social harmony and stability in border ethnic areas are more systematic and comprehensive and have reached a new height. At the same time, a series of countermeasures and suggestions based on the concept of harmony were put forward in the results, such as the problem of drug source areas and ethnic local armed forces in the "Golden Triangle", which is closely related to the drug problem in Yunnan, the problem of foreign hostile forces, the problem of "overall poverty" of some ethnic minorities in the border areas at this stage, the problem of mass incidents involving ethnic factors, the long-term mechanism of the "people's war against drugs and HIV/AIDS", and the strengthening of management in ethnic and religious issues in accordance with the latest spirit of the central government. All of them are both practical and have certain theoretical or practical innovative significance. 5. Research methods. As an empirical study of "problems and countermeasures", methodologically, the research group follows the principle of "investigation first" and the combination of theory and practice, qualitative and quantitative, and successively led by the project leader to go to the prefectures and cities along the Yunnan border in stages and batches, while visiting relevant functional departments such as public security, border defense, political and legal affairs, ethnicity, religion, foreign affairs and other relevant functional departments to understand the situation, selectively go deep into the border line of Fugong and Lushui in Nujiang Prefecture, Tengchong in Baoshan City, Longchuan and Ruili in Dehong Prefecture, Gengma and Zhenkang in Lincang City. Pu'er City (formerly Simao City) Menglian and Lancang, Xishuangbanna Prefecture Jinghong, Menghai and Mengla Prefecture, Honghe Prefecture Jinping and Hekou, Wenshan Prefecture Maguan and other more than 10 border counties and cities and some border villages, as well as China-Myanmar border border Katama Port outside Datianba, Tengchong Port Diantan, Ruili Port Overseas Mujie and Nankan, Wancho Port Overseas Jiugu (baseball race), Menglian Port Mengah Overseas Wa Bangkang (Bangsang), Taluo Port Overseas Xiaomengla, China-Laos border Mohan Port Overseas Moching and Nanta, Lao Cai outside the China-Vietnam border estuary and Laos Hui Xuan at the junction of Myanmar, Laos and Thailand carried out field investigations with the hinterland of the "Golden Triangle" such as Meisle, Chiang Saen, Chiang Khong and Mae Sai, from which a large amount of first-hand and latest information was collected, which provided strong support for the research of the subject. 6. Operating procedures. In a larger sense, the research reports contained in this book are the crystallization of the hard work and sweat of all members of the research group. In short, the research of this topic is after in-depth and meticulous field investigation, according to the project design and research outline, first by each sub-project bearer including the author himself to write the first draft of each "Special Research Report", and then the project leader, that is, the author, on this basis, after summarizing, supplementing and revising, refining and sublimating and integrating through, writing the final result "Comprehensive Research Report", together with the repeatedly revised "Special Research Report". Together, form the full text of such a project achievement presented to you. Among them, the main members of the research group, in the order of "Special Research Report", are Professor Ma Shuhong of Yunnan Academy of Social Sciences, Zhang Xiaosong of Yunnan University for Nationalities, Professor Li Gen of Yunnan Administrative College, Dr. Ruan Huifeng, Yunnan Police College, and Professor Han Junxue of Yunnan University for Nationalities. These experts and scholars with professional backgrounds in different disciplines and fruitful early achievements, and who have made achievements in their respective research fields, participated in the research group, which provided a reliable guarantee for the smooth completion of the research project. For the specific tasks and corresponding achievements undertaken by the members of the above research groups, we will clearly mark them at the end of each "Special Research Report". 7. Other issues. Based on the need to transform the research results of the project into academic works, in addition to making appropriate adjustments to the format of the results for standardization and unification, we also made necessary simplifications to the titles, and partially supplemented and updated the relevant data in the results. At the same time, in accordance with the national laws and regulations and the review opinions of the relevant departments of Yunnan Province, the parts of the results that are not suitable for disclosure for the time being have been abridged or technically processed. Moreover, limited by time, energy, especially skill and level, coupled with the long border of Yunnan, the large number of neighboring countries and ethnic minorities, the special natural and human geographical environment, the complexity and wide range of circumstances, and the difficulty of investigation and research, I hope that colleagues in the academic community and readers will forgive and teach the mistakes in the book. Finally, I would like to take this opportunity to express my heartfelt thanks to the National Social Science Planning Office, the Yunnan Provincial Social Science Planning Office, Yunnan University for Nationalities, as well as Party committees at all levels and relevant government departments in Yunnan Province and border areas, cadres and people of all ethnic groups and relevant people abroad who have given us concern and support for a long time. Lu Gang in the spring of 2010 at the lotus pond in Kunming（AI翻译）