摘要：党的十八大以来，盐池县严格按照党中央作出打赢脱贫攻坚战的重大决策部署，在扶贫过程中充分发挥主导作用，瞄准贫困群众发展产业资金短缺的薄弱环节，以此为扶贫工作的突破口，创新开展互助资金、评级授信、四信平台建设等多种金融扶贫小额信贷工作，全面构建社会信用体系，打造诚信社会，创新担保模式，以“互助资金”结合“千村信贷”撬动了数倍发展资金，扩大贫困户评级授信覆盖面，打破“60岁以后不能贷款”的硬框框，将非恶意“黑名单”建档立卡贫困户纳入评级授信范围；创新推行“扶贫保”，破解了建档立卡贫困户贷款困难、因病因灾返贫等“十大难题”，形成了独具特色的“盐池模式”。

盐池县积极探索创新产业扶贫机制，创新产融结合，把产业扶贫作为打赢脱贫攻坚战的根本之策，解决群众可持续发展的问题。盐池县坚持把产业扶贫作为精准扶贫的主攻方向和着力点，以产业扶贫为核心实现农业增产、农民增收的目标，做强滩羊产业、做大黄花产业、做优小杂粮产业、做实牧草产业，利用“1+4+X”解决扶贫手段单一的问题；强化科技支撑，助推产业转型升级；突出龙头带动，打造产业链以解决农户过于分散的问题。盐池县加大金融扶持，破解产业融资难题，创新推出产业扶贫保险，积极推进产业金融支农服务创新。

盐池县将健康、教育扶贫作为重大政治任务和第一民生工程，以精准健康扶贫为抓手，着力解决大病救助保障力度不够、医疗能力弱、就医负担重等难题，蹚出了一条革命老区健康扶贫的精准之路。以抓好报销保障、参保补助和服务“三个环节”，让群众看得起病；以夯实医疗设施和医疗软件“两个基础”，让群众看得好病；以实施健康促进、推进健康服务工程，让群众少得病。盐池县遵循教育优先发展战略，全面改善办学条件，完善体系，实现学生资助全覆盖，控辍保学，确保学生完成义务教育；优化结构，均衡师资队伍配置；创新举措，提高农村学校教育质量；整合资源，发挥职业教育优势。

盐池县量身定做扶贫保，兜住返贫底线。实施综合医疗保、养殖业扶贫保、种植业扶贫保；建立健全机制，确保扶贫保险健康发展；建立资金投入引导机制、风险分散补偿机制，实施金融信贷保，让金融机构吃上了定心丸；建立高效投保服务机制，在承保服务方面，专门成立了扶贫保工作组，对每个村、每个组都进行了专场培训；在理赔服务方面，对扶贫保险中的大病医疗保险实行一站式服务。

盐池县围绕“产业兴旺、生态宜居、治理有效、乡风文明、生活富裕”的目标，按照推进新型城镇化发展和脱贫攻坚总体要求，推进危窑危房改造，实现农村常住户安全住房全覆盖。通过制定严格的审核标准，确保危房改造对象精准；管控质量安全，确保群众住上安全住房；加大资金投入，切实解决危房改造问题，减轻农户经济负担；严格住房安全认定，强化完善农村危房危窑改造工作。盐池县推进美丽乡村建设，提升农村基础设施公共服务能力；通过抓好顶层设计，全面优化乡村布局；抓好基础设施建设，促进城乡公共服务均等化；抓好服务提升工作，健全完善配套服务功能。盐池县推进农村人居环境整治，改善农村生产生活生态条件；通过坚持示范引领，扎实推动农村环境“脏、乱、差”整治；创新运行机制，确保农村环境卫生保洁长效化、良性化。

盐池县坚持脱贫是底线、富民是关键，注重精神扶贫。围绕扶贫先扶志、治穷先治愚、脱贫先脱旧，进一步激发脱贫内生动力，既要让群众“富口袋”，也要“富脑袋”，真正让群众有尊严地脱贫致富。盐池县深化“三先开路”，立足扶贫先扶志，激发脱贫内生动力；解决部分贫困群众存在精气神不足、“等靠要”思想、贫困群众人穷志短、贫困群众缺乏诚信等问题。立足治穷先治愚，筑牢脱贫富民根基；大力实施“示范带动”“育人塑魂”“育人塑才”工程。立足脱贫先脱旧，架起乡村振兴支点；致力以文化助力精神脱贫；移风易俗树新风，推动物质精神全面脱贫；改善环境立样板，激发村民内生动力。

盐池县充分发挥党委的主导作用，为脱贫提供坚强组织保证，盐池县积极探索创新党建模式，推进基层党建与精准扶贫、精准脱贫深度融合、互促共进；深入开展“三先开路”专题教育，提振党员干部打赢脱贫攻坚战的“精气神”，激发贫困群众脱贫致富的“原动力”。以“四个善于”严格要求党员领导干部，与基层群众沟通形式多、方法活、载体新，切实推动党的政治优势、组织优势、密切联系群众优势转化为脱贫攻坚的发展优势。盐池县深入开展“育人塑魂”工程、“诚信盐池”建设，引导贫困群众改变被动、依赖、观望心理；深入开展“推动移风易俗，树立文明新风”活动，推动社会风气向上向好。为了筑牢组织基础和服务基础，盐池县坚持问题导向，解难题补短板，精准对标脱贫攻坚和产业发展需求选干部、配班子；抓基层实基础，持续提升基层党组织的组织力；加强扶贫资金管理，确保资金安全规范使用。为了汇集人才优势和资源优势，盐池县选派骨干驻村扶贫，实施能人治村；强化部门帮扶，创优发展环境；增强造血功能和内生动力，坚持把党组织建在产业链、扶贫链上，注重发挥党组织在产业发展中的引领服务作用；在本乡本村现有能人中培育扶持一批、从外出创业成功人员中召回一批、依托特色产业引进一批的措施，培育致富带头人；把创优发展环境作为发展集体经济的关键措施来抓，优先扶持村级组织发展集体经济，切实为发展村集体经济创造必要条件。

贫有百样、困有千种。解决问题必须依靠强有力的改革创新来实现，盐池县党委和政府坚持问题导向，统揽经济社会发展全局，充分发挥政治优势和政府引导作用，调动各方面参与的积极性，在扶贫创新的过程中充分体现了各级党组织、党员的精神担当、责任担当。盐池县一些扶贫举措具有一定的普遍启示意义：发挥政府的引导作用，强化对中央精神的执行力；善于抓扶贫工作的突破口，大胆探索创新；求真务实、因地制宜，创新社会扶贫机制；把精准识别作为脱贫攻坚的首要任务；把扶贫同“扶志”“扶智”相结合；抓好基层党建，加强队伍建设等。充分发挥了政府“有形之手”的引导作用，释放市场“无形之手”的活力，调动盐池人民“勤劳之手”的积极性，使得盐池人民享受到了党和政府的惠民政策，逐步解决了温饱问题。

关键词：盐池；精准扶贫；产融结合；乡村振兴；党建

Abstract: Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,Yanchi County has strictly followed the Party Central Committee's major decision-making arrangements to win the fight against poverty and play a leading role in the process of poverty alleviation,aiming at the weak links of the poor people in the development of industrial funds,and thus serving as a breakthrough for poverty alleviation.Yanchi County innovatively carries out various financial poverty alleviation microfinance works,such asmutual aid funds,rating credit and four level credit reputation platform construction,comprehensively constructs a social credit system,builds a credible society,innovates a guarantee model,uses“mutual support funds”combined with“thousand village credits”to lever several times of development funds,expands the credit coverage of poor households,breaks the hard frame of“no-bank-loan after 60 years old”,and includes“non-malicious blacklist”filed poverty-stricken households into the rating credit line.Yanchi County also innovatively implements“poverty alleviation insurance”and solves the“Ten Major Problems”,such as difficulties in loans for poor households and returning to poverty due to illness and disaster,which forms a unique“Yanchi model”.

Yanchi County actively explores the poverty alleviation mechanism of industrial development by the combination of industry and finance,and regards industrial poverty alleviation as the fundamental strategy for winning the fight against poverty and solving the problem of sustainable development of the masses.Yanchi County adheres to the industrial poverty alleviation as the main direction and focus of precision poverty alleviation,and aims to achieve agricultural production and farmers' income increase with industrial poverty alleviation,to strengthen the Sheep,Daylily（Hemerocallis citrina Baroni）,Miscellaneous grains industry and Forage grass industries,which uses“1+4+X”models to solve the problem of single poverty alleviation means.Yanchi County strengthens scientific and technological support,promotes industrial transformation and upgrading,highlights leading enterprises and builds industrial chain to solve the problem of excessive dispersion of farmers.Yanchi County also increases financial support,innovates and launches industrial poverty alleviation insurance,and actively promotes industrial finance and agricultural service innovation.

Yanchi County regards health and education poverty alleviation as a major political task and priority of people's livelihood project.With the focus on precision health and poverty alleviation,it focuses on solving the problems of insufficient rescue support for serious illness,weak medical ability and heavy medical burden,and creates a precise road of poverty alleviation in old revolutionary district.Yanchi County holds the priority development strategy of education,comprehensively improves the conditions for schools to achieve full coverage of student financial support,guarantees the students to complete compulsory education,balances the allocation of teachers,and improves the quality of education in rural schools.Yanchi County tailors poverty alleviation insurance to cover the bottom line of returning to poverty by implementing comprehensive medical insurance,aquaculture poverty alleviation and planting poverty alleviation.Yanchi County establishes the sound capital investment guidance and risk dispersion compensation mechanism,to ensure the healthy development of poverty alleviation insurance.In the aspect of claims service,one-stop service was provided for the major illness medical insurance in poverty alleviation insurance.

Yanchi County promotes the renovation of dangerous houses and dangerous kilns and realizes the full coverage of rural permanent resi dents by focusing on the goal of“prosperous industry,ecologically livable,effective governance,rural civilization and rich life”.In accordance with the overall requirements of promoting new urbanization development and poverty alleviation,Yanchi County ensures that the targets of dangerous buildings are accurately adjusted through strict auditing standards,ensures that the people live in safe housing by controlling quality and safety,effectively solves the economic burden of farmers in dilapidated houses by increasing capital investment,strengthens and improves the renovation of dangerous buildings in rural dilapidated buildings by strictly identifying housing safety.Yanchi County promotes the construction of beautiful villages and enhances the public service capacity of rural infrastructure,and promotes the equalization of urban and rural public services by improving the infrastructure construction.Yanchi County promotes the improvement of rural human settlements and the ecological conditions of rural production and living by adhering to demonstration and guidance,which ensure the long-term benignization of rural environmental sanitation.

Yanchi County focuses on spiritual poverty alleviation and insists that poverty alleviation is the bottom line,enriching the people is the key.Yanchi County solves some of the poor people's lack of spirit by further inciting the endogenous motivation for poverty alleviation and cultivating people to build souls and talents.

Yanchi County gives full play to the leading role of the party committee and provides a strong organizational guarantee for poverty alleviation.Yanchi County actively explores the party building model,promotes basic level organization building,and promotes mutual progress.Yanchi County intensively carries out the project of“cultivating people and shaping souls”and“building integrated Yanchi”to guide the poor to change their passive,dependent and wait-and see attitudes.In order to build the foundation of the organization,Yanchi County adheres to the problem orientation,solves the problem and fills the shortcomings,selects the cadres and teams with accurate bidding for poverty alleviation and industrial development needs,grasps the basic level foundation and continuously enhances the organizational strength of basic level party organizations.Yanchi County strengthens the management of poverty alleviation funds to ensure the safe use of funds.In order to bring together talents and resource advantages,Yanchi County selects key cadres to help the poor,implements the competent person to rule the village and cultivates a group of existing talents in the village to develop the collective economy.

There are hundreds of poor and thousands of traps.The solution of the problem must be achieved by strong reform and innovation.The party committee and government of Yanchi County adhere to the problem orientation,take the overall situation of economic and social development,give full play to the political advantages and the guiding role of the government,and mobilize the enthusiasm of all party members to participate in the process of poverty alleviation.It fully embodies the responsibility of party organizations and party members at all levels.Some poverty alleviation measures in Yanchi County have certain universal significant enlightenment.Give full play of the“tangible hand”of the government's guiding role,release the vitality of the“invisible hand”of the market,and mobilize the enthusiasm of the“hardworking hands”of the Yanchi people,who enjoy the party and the government's policy of benefiting the people and gradually solve their food and clothing problems.

Key Words: Yanchi,Targeted Measures for Poverty Relief,Combination of Industry and Finance,Rural Revitalization,Party Building