图书简介
本书从出口产品技术含量、出口产品增加值和汇率传递程度三个角度,对中国高科技制造品出口的主要影响因素进行理论分析及实证检验,发现:第一,中国制造品出口篮子技术含量以比美国及日本更快的速率上升,各国制造品出口商品篮子技术含量对其产出及各类制造品技术含量对其出口均存在显著正向的促进作用。制造品技术含量与人均国内生产总值有正向联系,而且中国制造品的技术含量远超其人均国内生产总值相应的技术含量值。中国各类高科技制造品的比较优势与竞争力均获得了较大提升,在中国高科技制造品总出口中,出口份额最大的也是技术含量最高的几类产品。第二,生产分担而非对各目的国的出口产品组成是决定中国高科技制造品双边出口增加值含量变化的主要因素。出口国国内生产总值、人均国内生产总值、汇率、法律规则、贸易基础设施、贸易协定与亚洲虚拟变量均对中、美两国高科技制造品零部件贸易产生显著影响,贸易国地理距离及各国单位劳动力成本对中国起着显著阻碍作用,而这两个因素对美国的影响则不显著。第三,汇率对出口产品价格存在不完全传递,传递程度依赖汇率的集约边际效应和广延边际效应两种力量的大小。在不区分国家、使用全部样本国数据的情况下,汇率对高科技制造品出口价格存在较高程度的传递。对各样本国分别进行检验得出,除美国由于美元持续贬值,致使其汇率存在较高程度的传递外,其余单个样本国均表现出明显的不完全传递。
From the three perspectives of the technical content of export products, the added value of export products and the degree of exchange rate transmission, this book conducts theoretical analysis and empirical test of the main influencing factors of China's high-tech manufacturing exports, and finds that: First, the technical content of China's manufacturing export basket rises at a faster rate than that of the United States and Japan, and the technical content of the basket of manufactured goods exported by various countries has a significant positive effect on its output and the technical content of various manufactured products on its exports. The technical content of manufactured products is positively correlated with per capita GDP, and the technical content of China's manufactured products far exceeds the corresponding technical content value of its per capita GDP. The comparative advantages and competitiveness of China's various high-tech manufacturing products have been greatly improved, and in China's total exports of high-tech manufactured products, the largest export share is also the highest technology content of several types of products. Second, the sharing of production rather than the composition of exports to destination countries is the main factor determining the change in the value-added content of China's bilateral exports of high-tech manufactured goods. Exporting countries' GDP, per capita GDP, exchange rates, legal rules, trade infrastructure, trade agreements and Asian virtual variables all have a significant impact on the trade of high-tech manufacturing parts and components between China and the United States, while the geographical distance of trading countries and the unit labor cost of various countries play a significant role in hindering China, while these two factors have a significant impact on the United States. Third, the exchange rate does not completely transmit the price of export products, and the degree of transmission depends on the two forces of the intensive marginal effect and the extended marginal effect of the exchange rate. Without distinguishing between countries and using data for all sample countries, exchange rates have a high degree of transmission to the export prices of high-tech manufactured goods. Separate tests of each sample country showed that except for the United States, which had a high degree of transmission of its exchange rate due to the continuous depreciation of the US dollar, the remaining individual sample countries showed obvious incomplete transmission.(AI翻译)
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