今天中国经济所有的问题，几乎都可以归结为如何促进企业转向高质量发展的问题。

当今中国经济研究的所有问题，也几乎都可以归结为对企业的微观研究问题。

这就是武汉大学质量发展战略研究院（以下简称武大质量院），开展“中国企业综合调查”（以下简称CEGS）的初心。

CEGS无论经历了什么样的阶段、调整和优化，通过调查了解中国企业这一微观主体的初心始终没有变过。从2007年开始，武大质量院就持续开展了对企业的满意度调查；从2012 年开始，武大质量院又开展了“中国质量观测”调查；从2014 年开始，一直到2018 年，武大质量院开始了“中国企业—劳动力匹配调查”（以下简称CEES）。这些调查虽然名称不同，但是了解中国企业微观状况，致力于形成中国企业微观数据库的努力，却是一以贯之的。

现在，我们把这些不同类型的调查，统一为“中国企业综合调查”，并形成2015年、2016年和2018年三个年度的调查报告予以正式出版。作为一个学术机构开展调查是非常艰难的，开展企业调查更是难上加难。我们之所以要迎难而上，克服了很多想象不到的困难，一路走来最重要的还是不忘初心。

记录中国企业转型升级的这一历史进程，就是我们的初心。中国奇迹创造的基础是企业的成长，现在又面临着转型升级的共同挑战，包括企业能否成功升级至更高附加值、资本更密集的高质量产品生产，企业到底是用机器换人，还是加大技术创新的力度，或是转移到劳动力成本更低的区域，又或者干脆关门走人等诸多问题。通过深入的CEGS调查，将这些问题持续地观测并记录下来，形成科学、系统和长期跟踪的企业数据库，本身就是这一伟大历史进程的基础数据工程。

为高质量的学术研究提供微观数据支撑，就是我们的初心。无论是自然科学，还是工程科学，特别是社会科学的研究，都离不开对企业这一对象的研究，而高质量的数据则是对企业开展高质量学术研究的重要支撑。5G和AI技术在企业中会有哪些应用场景、政府治理会引起企业什么样的行为反应、城市化背景下企业劳动力会有怎样的变化、中美贸易冲突会对企业预期产生怎样的影响、一带一路如何改变中国企业的选择？这一系列问题，都在CEGS的调查内容中，其数据也能给以上研究提供有力的证据。

促进中国特色的智库研究，就是我们的初心。新中国70年的发展，尤其是改革开放40多年来取得的巨大成就，被誉之为“中国奇迹”。对这一奇迹的解释，尤其是从中提炼出“中国之治”和“中国之道”，对中国未来发展政策的研究和应用具有重大价值。CEGS基于对中国企业不同区域、不同行业和不同年份的调查，能够为这一奇迹的解释提供重要的数据“密码”，能够更加清晰地观测到企业对诸如补贴等政策的反映，也可以为政策的制定提供更好的评估意见。

服务中国企业转向高质量发展，就是我们的初心。企业调查从本质上讲，是对企业的微观观测，并基于这一观测提出企业更高质量发展的科学理论。中国企业要走向高质量发展，实际上比40多年前企业开始的以要素驱动发展的模式更有挑战性，这里涉及企业从重产业到重产品的转变、从重要素到重创新的转变、从重企业家个体到向重系统激励的转变。CEGS基于深入的调查和系统的研究，为企业实现这一系列面向高质量发展的转变，提供了重要的实证支撑和理论方法。

培养学生具备基于数据的综合能力，就是我们的初心。作为武大质量院所主导的学术调查，重要的参与者就是在校的硕士生和博士生，在CEGS的整个过程中，通过“干中学”，使得同学们系统掌握了数据获取、数据清洗、数据分析和数据研究的能力，并以这一能力为核心，提高了与人沟通、挑战极限和组织管理的良好的人格特质。正是因为这些综合能力的提高，才使得多位参加 CEGS 调查的同学，凭借着 CEGS 的调查经历，成功地被世界著名的企业和大学所录用。

《中国企业综合调查报告（CEGS）——2015》，由我作为调查的总负责人，提出总体构思和篇章逻辑，并组建参与本书写作的团队成员，对每章的具体内容提出写作要求，定期开展讨论修改，并最后修改定稿；由罗连发和李丹丹作为调查的核心组织参与者，具体带领团队开展每一章节的统计研究与内容写作；参与具体章节写作的成员有：吕宵、谭俊、张伟、胡可、黄圆圆、沈笑寒、代丹、陈佳、吴成强、许宁翰、王俊苏、方宁静、肖轶伦、赵晓松、郜蕊、谢超鹏。

武汉大学质量发展战略研究院院长

武汉大学中国企业调查数据中心主任

程虹

于珞珈山

2019年11月29日

Almost all the problems of China's economy today can be boiled down to the question of how to promote enterprises to shift to high-quality development. Almost all the problems of economic research in China today can be reduced to microscopic research problems on enterprises. This is the original intention of the Institute of Quality Development Strategy of Wuhan University (hereinafter referred to as the Quality Institute of Wuhan University) to carry out the "Comprehensive Survey of Chinese Enterprises" (hereinafter referred to as CEGS). No matter what stages, adjustments and optimizations CEGS has undergone, the original intention of understanding the micro-subject of Chinese enterprises through investigation has never changed. Since 2007, Wuhan University Quality Institute has continuously carried out satisfaction surveys on enterprises; Since 2012, the Quality Institute of Wuhan University has carried out the "China Quality Observation" survey; From 2014 to 2018, the Quality Institute of Wuhan University started the "China Enterprise-Labor Matching Survey" (hereinafter referred to as CEES). Although these surveys have different names, the efforts to understand the micro situation of Chinese enterprises and strive to form a micro database of Chinese enterprises have been consistent. Now, we have unified these different types of surveys into the "Comprehensive Survey of Chinese Enterprises" and officially published them in the three annual survey reports of 2015, 2016 and 2018. Conducting a survey as an academic institution is very difficult, and conducting a corporate survey is even more difficult. The reason why we have to face difficulties and overcome many unimaginable difficulties, the most important thing along the way is not to forget our original intention. Recording the historical process of the transformation and upgrading of Chinese enterprises is our original intention. The foundation of China's miracle is the growth of enterprises, and now they are facing the common challenges of transformation and upgrading, including whether enterprises can successfully upgrade to higher value-added, capital-intensive high-quality product production, whether enterprises replace people with machines, increase technological innovation, or move to areas with lower labor costs, or simply close their doors and leave. Through in-depth CEGS investigation, these problems are continuously observed and recorded, and a scientific, systematic and long-term tracking enterprise database is itself the basic data engineering of this great historical process. Providing microdata support for high-quality academic research is our original intention. Whether it is natural science, engineering science, especially social science research, it is inseparable from the research of the enterprise as an object, and high-quality data is an important support for enterprises to carry out high-quality academic research. What are the application scenarios of 5G and AI technology in enterprises, what kind of behavioral responses will be caused by government governance, how will the corporate workforce change under the background of urbanization, how will the Sino-US trade conflict affect the expectations of enterprises, and how will the Belt and Road change the choices of Chinese enterprises? This series of questions is all in the CEGS survey, and its data can also provide strong evidence for the above research. Promoting think tank research with Chinese characteristics is our original intention. The development of New China in the past 70 years, especially the great achievements made in the past 40 years of reform and opening up, has been hailed as the "Chinese miracle". The explanation of this miracle, especially the extraction of "governance of China" and "way of China", is of great value to the research and application of China's future development policy. Based on the survey of Chinese enterprises in different regions, different industries and different years, CEGS can provide an important data "code" for the explanation of this miracle, can more clearly observe the company's response to policies such as subsidies, and can also provide better evaluation opinions for policy formulation. Serving Chinese enterprises to shift to high-quality development is our original intention. In essence, enterprise survey is a microscopic observation of enterprises, and based on this observation, a scientific theory of higher quality development of enterprises is proposed. The high-quality development of Chinese enterprises is actually more challenging than the factor-driven development model begun by enterprises more than 40 years ago, which involves the transformation of enterprises from heavy industry to heavy products, from important elements to heavy innovation, and from individual entrepreneurs to heavy system incentives. Based on in-depth investigation and systematic research, CEGS provides important empirical support and theoretical methods for enterprises to achieve this series of transformations towards high-quality development. Cultivating students' comprehensive data-based capabilities is our original intention. As an academic survey led by the Quality Institute of Wuhan University, the important participants are the master's and doctoral students in the school, in the whole process of CEGS, through "learning by doing", students have systematically mastered the ability of data acquisition, data cleaning, data analysis and data research, and with this ability as the core, improve the good personality traits of communicating with people, challenging limits and organizing and management. It is precisely because of these comprehensive ability improvements that many students who participated in the CEGS survey were successfully hired by world-famous enterprises and universities with their CEGS survey experience. "China Enterprise Comprehensive Survey Report (CEGS) - 2015", as the general leader of the survey, put forward the overall concept and chapter logic, and formed team members to participate in the writing of this book, put forward writing requirements for the specific content of each chapter, regularly discussed and revised, and finally revised and finalized; Luo Lianfa and Li Dandan, as the core participants of the survey, specifically led the team to carry out statistical research and content writing for each chapter; The members who participated in the writing of specific chapters were: Lu Xiao, Tan Jun, Zhang Wei, Hu Ke, Huang Yuanyuan, Shen Xiaohan, Dai Dan, Chen Jia, Wu Chengqiang, Xu Ninghan, Wang Junsu, Fang Jingjing, Xiao Yilun, Zhao Xiaosong, Gao Rui, Xie Chaopeng. Cheng Hong, Dean of the Institute of Quality Development Strategy of Wuhan University and Director of the China Enterprise Survey Data Center of Wuhan University, November 29, 2019（AI翻译）