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中国与东盟区域生产网络构建研究:基于全球价值链视角

ISBN:978-7-5203-5226-0

出版日期:2019-10

页数:240

字数:220.0千字

点击量:9954次

定价:80.00元

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自19世纪90年代以来,东南亚地区形成了独具特色的区域生产网络,这一生产网络的出现,对本区域的国际分工模式、经济一体化前景以及在世界经济中的角色等方面产生了深远的影响。伴随着产品内垂直分工的盛行,东南亚在全球的经济地位得到极大的提升,并且因为其完善的生产共享网络和迅速增长的区域内零部件贸易而得到经济学界的广泛关注。彼此之间的竞争与合作,形成了东南亚区域生产网络的独特形式。东南亚区域生产网络的运行,刻画出整个东南亚区域崭新的经济面貌。

东盟国家之间经济发展水平、发展阶段和在全球生产网络中所处的位置上存在巨大的差异,既有新兴的工业化国家新加坡、马来西亚、泰国等,又有越南、缅甸、老挝、柬埔寨等世界上最不发达的国家,因此,中国与东盟国家构建生产网络,既可以承接新加坡等相对发达国家的产业,也可以向越南、缅甸、老挝等相对落后的国家转移我国的低端产业,从而促使中国产业链升级,在促进经济增长的同时,避免对发达国家主导全球生产网络的依赖。因此,如何通过中国和东盟之间的合作,促进中国和东盟国际生产网络的构建,从而促进我国产业链的升级已成为值得深入研究的课题。

本书包括十章内容。第一章指出本书的选题背景、意义、研究思路和结构安排以及创新之处。第二章简要地介绍国际分割生产与全球生产网络、东亚和东南亚区域生产网络的相关文献。第三章在分析东南亚生产网络形成的基础上,分析了中国—东盟生产网络的形成,并基于零部件贸易数据对中国—东盟生产网络进行了度量。第四章在相关文献基础上,构建度量竞争性和互补性指标,基于机电产品数据度量了中国—东盟生产网络中的竞争和合作状态。第五章基于迪克西特—斯蒂格利茨(Dixit-Stiglitz,1977) 模型,把产品的生产过程分成不同区段并跨国配置,构建一个中国—东盟生产网络模型,分析了中国—东盟生产网络影响因素,并用中国与东盟的数据进行了实证研究。第六章首先构建了度量全球价值量参与程度和地位的贸易增加值率、全球价值链地位指数和全球价值链参与指数,其次分别度量了中国和东盟制造业参与全球价值链的程度和地位。第七章首先构建指标度量中国的产业链升级程度,其次就中国—东盟生产网络对中国产业链升级的影响进行经验分析。第八章首先对境外经济贸易合作区影响生产网络构建的机制进行分析,其次结合中国—东盟外经济贸易合作区建设现状,对中国和东盟境外合作区影响生产网络的机制进行了实证分析。第九章对促进中国—东盟生产网络发展的途径进行了分析。第十章总结本书的研究结论,并指出进一步研究的方向。

本书得出以下几个方面的研究结论。

第一,中国与东盟国家之间既因进行相似零部件和组装等劳动密集型区段的生产,具有竞争性,又因生产差异性零部件而具有互补性。在中国与东盟生产网络中,约98%的分割生产是与新加坡、马来西亚、印度尼西亚、泰国、越南和菲律宾六国进行的,其中,约58%的分割生产是与新加坡和马来西亚进行的。

第二,中国机电产业具有较强的出口竞争力,并且还在不断地平稳上升阶段。而与中国相比,东盟的贸易竞争指数相对较低,东盟机电行业的生产效率低于国际水平。在机电产品上,中国和东盟的贸易联系度非常强,并且整体呈现不断上升趋势。其中东盟对中国机电产品的联系程度要高于中国对东盟机电产品的联系程度。中国出口到东盟的产业内贸易整体水平要高于东盟出口到中国的水平。

第三,模型分析表明,中国—东盟生产网络的形成由分割生产节省的成本和服务联系成本决定。分割生产节省的成本由两国的要素成本(工资) 差距决定。服务联系成本与分割程度呈正相关关系,且相互影响,服务联系成本下降使分割程度加深,而分割程度加深又使服务联系成本增加。最后,本书应用中国与东盟六个主要伙伴国1997—2012年的面板数据得出的实证结果基本支持理论预期。

第四,2001—2011年,我国制造业的产业链是在不断升级的。我国的研发经费投入对我国的产业链升级的提升具有显著的推动作用。加工贸易进口对产业链升级的影响不是那么明显。我国利用的来自东盟的外商直接投资对我国产业链升级的影响是正的。我国对东盟直接投资对我国产业链升级的影响是负的。

第五,从贸易增加值率看,在中国—东盟国家中,印度尼西亚的贸易增加值率一直保持较高水平,新加坡、中国、菲律宾贸易增加值率在这几个国家中处于中等水平,总体呈上升水平。从全球价值链地位指数看,中国的全球价值链的分工地位在2000—2011年不断上升,尤其是自中国加入世界贸易组织至2008年间,中国制造业参与全球价值链分工的地位迅速上升;2009—2011年,中国制造业参与全球价值链分工的地位整体有所上升,但幅度较小,始终未进入全球价值链的上游环节。总之,中国制造业全球价值链分工地位总体呈上升趋势未变。

第六,市场规模对中国—东盟零部件贸易,即相互间生产网络构建有着显著的积极作用。境外经济贸易合作区的建设对中国与其生产网络构建的影响程度不大,而对与老挝、越南和泰国的生产网络构建有着显著的积极影响,其中,对老挝的贡献最大,即万象赛色塔综合开发区的建设对中国和老挝生产网络的构建有着积极的推动作用。总体而言,境外经济贸易合作区的建设有助于双方生产网络的构建和发展,从而对中国—东盟生产网络的构建有着积极的作用。

第七,中国—东盟生产网络的形成基于分散的生产过程,根据不同国家、地区的要素禀赋不同,生产者将同一件产品在不同的阶段进行分离生产。但是,由于服务联系成本的存在,所以,生产在全球分割配置中又会相对集聚在一定区域 (如中国—东盟),通过集聚效应降低服务联系成本,从而降低总成本。中国—东盟自由贸易区的迅速发展,双边自由贸易政策的实施,减少了贸易和投资壁垒,在深化区域生产网络中发挥重要的激励作用。区域自由化、投资多边贸易和自由化,促进了中国—东盟生产网络的发展。

Since the nineteen-nineties, Southeast Asia has formed a unique regional production network, and the emergence of this production network has had a profound impact on the international division of labour in the region, the prospects for economic integration and its role in the world economy. With the prevalence of vertical division of labor within products, Southeast Asia's global economic status has been greatly improved, and it has received widespread attention from the economics community because of its perfect production sharing network and rapidly growing intraregional parts trade. Competition and cooperation with each other have formed a unique form of regional production network in Southeast Asia. The operation of the regional production network in Southeast Asia portrays the new economic outlook of the entire Southeast Asian region. There are huge differences in the level of economic development, development stage and position in the global production network between ASEAN countries, including newly industrialized countries such as Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand, etc., as well as Vietnam, Myanmar, Laos, Cambodia and other least developed countries in the world, therefore, China and ASEAN countries to build a production network, can not only undertake Singapore and other relatively developed industries, but also to Vietnam, Myanmar, Laos and other relatively backward countries to transfer China's low-end industries, thereby promoting the upgrading of China's industrial chain , while promoting economic growth, avoid dependence on developed countries to dominate global production networks. Therefore, how to promote the construction of international production networks between China and ASEAN through cooperation between China and ASEAN, so as to promote the upgrading of China's industrial chain has become a topic worthy of in-depth study. The book consists of ten chapters. The first chapter points out the background, significance, research ideas and structure, and innovations of the book. Chapter II provides a brief introduction to the literature on international segmented production and global production networks, as well as regional production networks in East and South-East Asia. Chapter 3 analyzes the formation of China-ASEAN production networks based on the analysis of the formation of production networks in Southeast Asia, and measures China-ASEAN production networks based on parts and components trade data. Chapter 4 constructs indicators of competitiveness and complementarity based on relevant literature, and measures the state of competition and cooperation in the China-ASEAN production network based on mechanical and electrical product data. Chapter 5 is based on the Dixit-Stiglitz (1977) model, divides the production process of products into different sections and configures them across borders, constructs a China-ASEAN production network model, analyzes the influencing factors of China-ASEAN production network, and conducts empirical research with data from China and ASEAN. Chapter 6 first constructs the trade value-added rate, the global value chain status index and the global value chain participation index to measure the degree and status of global value quantity participation, and secondly, the degree and status of Chinese and ASEAN manufacturing industries in the global value chain, respectively. Chapter 7 first constructs indicators to measure the degree of upgrading of China's industrial chain, and secondly, analyzes the empirical analysis of the impact of China-ASEAN production network on China's industrial chain upgrading. Chapter 8 first analyzes the mechanism of overseas economic and trade cooperation zones affecting the construction of production networks, and secondly, based on the current situation of the construction of China-ASEAN foreign economic and trade cooperation zones, empirically analyzes the mechanism of affecting production networks in China and ASEAN overseas cooperation zones. Chapter 9 analyzes ways to promote the development of China-ASEAN production networks. Chapter 10 summarizes the findings of the book and points out directions for further research. This book draws the following research conclusions. First, China and ASEAN countries are competitive due to the production of similar parts and assemblies, and complementary due to the production of differentiated parts. In the China-ASEAN production network, about 98% of the split production is with Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand, Vietnam and the Philippines, of which about 58% is with Singapore and Malaysia. Second, China's mechanical and electrical industry has strong export competitiveness and is still rising steadily. Compared with China, ASEAN's trade competition index is relatively low, and the production efficiency of ASEAN's mechanical and electrical industry is lower than the international level. In terms of mechanical and electrical products, the trade links between China and ASEAN are very strong, and the overall trend is constantly rising. Among them, the degree of ASEAN's connection with China's mechanical and electrical products is higher than the degree of China's connection with ASEAN's mechanical and electrical products. The overall level of intra-industry trade exported by China to ASEAN is higher than that of ASEAN exports to China. Third, model analysis shows that the formation of China-ASEAN production network is determined by the cost of dividing production savings and service linkage costs. The cost savings from dividing production are determined by the factor cost (wages) gap between the two countries. The cost of service connection and the degree of segmentation are positively correlated, and affect each other, and the decrease in the cost of service connection deepens the degree of segmentation, and the deepening degree of segmentation increases the cost of service connection. Finally, the empirical results derived from panel data from China and the six major ASEAN partner countries from 1997 to 2012 basically support theoretical expectations. Fourth, from 2001 to 2011, the industrial chain of China's manufacturing industry is constantly upgrading. China's R&D investment has a significant role in promoting the upgrading of China's industrial chain. The impact of processing trade imports on the upgrading of the industrial chain is not so obvious. The impact of FDI from ASEAN on the upgrading of China's industrial chain is positive. The impact of China's direct investment in ASEAN on the upgrading of China's industrial chain is negative. Fifth, from the perspective of trade value-added rate, among China-ASEAN countries, Indonesia's trade value-added rate has remained at a high level, while the trade value-added rate of Singapore, China and the Philippines is at a medium level among these countries, and the overall level is rising. From the perspective of the global value chain status index, the division of labor in China's global value chain continued to rise from 2000 to 2011, especially from China's accession to the World Trade Organization to 2008, the status of China's manufacturing industry in the division of labor in the global value chain rose rapidly; From 2009 to 2011, the status of China's manufacturing industry in the division of labor in the global value chain increased overall, but to a small extent, and it never entered the upstream link of the global value chain. In short, the overall upward trend of the division of labor in the global value chain of China's manufacturing industry has not changed. Sixth, the market size has a significant positive effect on China-ASEAN parts trade, that is, the construction of production networks between each other. The construction of overseas economic and trade cooperation zones has little impact on China and its production network construction, but has a significant positive impact on the construction of production networks with Laos, Vietnam and Thailand, among which the construction of the Vientiane Saisetta Comprehensive Development Zone has a positive role in promoting the construction of production networks in China and Laos. In general, the construction of overseas economic and trade cooperation zones is conducive to the construction and development of production networks of both sides, thus having a positive effect on the construction of China-ASEAN production networks. Seventh, the formation of the China-ASEAN production network is based on a decentralized production process, in which producers separate the same product at different stages according to the different factor endowments of different countries and regions. However, due to the existence of service connection cost, production will be relatively concentrated in a certain area (such as China-ASEAN) in the global segmentation configuration, and the service connection cost will be reduced through the agglomeration effect, thereby reducing the total cost. The rapid development of the China-ASEAN Free Trade Area and the implementation of bilateral free trade policies have reduced trade and investment barriers and played an important stimulating role in deepening regional production networks. Regional liberalization, investment in multilateral trade and liberalization have promoted the development of China-ASEAN production networks.(AI翻译)

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GB/T 7714-2015 格式引文
杨永华.中国与东盟区域生产网络构建研究:基于全球价值链视角[M].北京:中国社会科学出版社,2019
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MLA 格式引文
杨永华.中国与东盟区域生产网络构建研究:基于全球价值链视角.北京,中国社会科学出版社:2019E-book.
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APA 格式引文
杨永华(2019).中国与东盟区域生产网络构建研究:基于全球价值链视角.北京:中国社会科学出版社
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