罗家祥

相对于隋唐及以前的传世文献而言，由于印刷术的进步，在文化昌明、英才辈出的宋代，以文本形式出现的文献资料呈现出爆炸增长之势。如果用“汗牛充栋”一词来形容宋代及此后的情形，这应该是一点也不会过分的。尽管因为战争、动乱及其它各种原因，传世的以纸质文本形式出现的文献资料也曾屡遭不可估量的破坏与损失，但从中外学界可资利用的现有史料看，通过其了解、认识唐宋及以后中国传统社会的历史发展和演进规律，仍然在极大程度上满足了中外学界的研究需要。

与殷墟甲骨文、居延汉简、敦煌吐鲁番文书、明清档案等在中国学术史上具有划时代和里程碑意义的地位不一样，长期以来，宋代的墓志碑铭似乎并未受到应有的重视，其史料价值也并没有得到充分的发掘和利用。产生这种状况的原因，首当其冲的是，如前所述，有关宋代的传世文献实在是太丰富了！这也就使得学界同仁大多将主要注意力集中在重要文献资料的研读和研讨上，而内容众多、甚至价值重大的许多宋代墓志碑铭竟然几乎是静悄悄地沉睡了千百年——虽然，从宋代开始，对这一领域有兴趣、有学养、有识见和有造诣的学者也代不乏人，而且也留下不少优秀的著述流布后世。

不过，近几十年来，随着海峡两岸的各种文化交流和出版事业的繁荣，随着学界在宋代史各个研究领域的不断拓展和深入，这一时期墓志碑铭的史料价值与文献价值逐渐显现，也不断得到海内外学界同仁的高度重视。5736049的确，除本书作者举述饶宗颐先生曾将碑志与甲骨、简牍、敦煌写卷、档案四者并为新出史料之渊薮第五大类的事例外，已故的著名历史文献学家张舜徽先生亦曾指出，“历代墓碑墓志的拓本，保存到今天的，数量很多，在在可以考证史传，增补遗闻，也是极珍贵的文献资料。”5736050张、饶二先生等前辈学者逝世之后，仅就宋代的墓志碑铭而言，也有了更多的发现和发掘，并为中外学术研究提供了更为翔实可靠、丰富多彩的史料，有力推动了宋史众多研究领域的进展，这些均适足证实了诸多先贤的睿智与卓识。

基于以上的一些认识和想法，当读完仝相卿博士的这部书稿后，欣慰与愉悦之情油然而生。我们有理由相信，随着这部专著的问世，这一研究领域的相关研究将得到进一步的拓展，宋史研究的众多层面和对象或许会因为北宋墓志碑铭的研究而引入更多方面的思考，在传世文献与墓志碑铭之间的学术关系上会有更清晰的思维成果，这部专著的学术价值也将会不断显现出来。我个人以为，《北宋墓志碑铭撰写研究》至少在如下几个方面为史学界做出了贡献。

一、本书稿从多方面对学界迄今为止的宋代墓志碑铭研究领域进行了全面、深入细致的梳理和总结，总体上看，应该说是分析中肯、透彻，辨析博洽，说理论证周严的，也较准确地阐明了这一领域的工作对宋史研究的重要性。

对史学工作者而言，严谨扎实的良好学风不仅体现在原始资料的搜集、整理和科学运用方面，还应体现在对学术界已有的相关成果的吸收与借鉴上。从本书的《绪论》可以看出，作者对迄今为止的海峡两岸、日本及整个宋史学界对墓志碑铭的研究现状、动态、意义和发展方向均有着较全面完整的把握和中肯认识。例如他认为此前学界对宋代墓志碑铭的研究和利用主要是公开发表墓志拓片或释文，并进行简单考述，或从单一墓志纠正史籍谬误及补充史文之不足；利用墓志铭材料研究某些具体问题；以墓志材料本身为对象进行研讨与反思等，并认为“把墓志碑铭作为研究对象、真正检讨墓志铭本身的研究仍不多见，有关墓主、墓志碑铭的撰者、丧家以及撰写过程中的理念、心态和限制性因素等也是前人研究所较少涉及的内容，都有一定的拓展空间”。这些看法大体上符合目前学界在这一研究领域的现状，应该是能够成立的。当然，他对前辈学者和当今宋史学界在这一领域的成果和成就也从学术层面予以了充分的肯定。

由此不难看出作者在这一专业领域用功之勤与浸润之深，也为学界同仁的相关研究工作提供了非常有益的观照、参考与借鉴。

二、在本课题的研究方法和手段上，作者则可谓独辟蹊径。

从目前的情况看，流传下来的有关北宋墓志碑铭的拓本为数众多，内容异常繁富，且近年来的相关发掘也堪称琳琅满目，因此，研究和整理宋代墓志碑铭的全部内容是一项宏大的工程。然而，尽可能详尽地占有第一手材料是一位严谨的史学工作者从事科学研究的基石，而对史料进行去粗取精、去伪存真的功夫，也往往最能体现史学工作者的学养与学术底蕴。在北宋墓志碑铭研究领域及相关研究领域，搜集、整理与考校墓志碑铭、通过传世文献与墓志碑铭的比较研究相互证实和证伪，这些无一不是辛勤而艰苦的工作，其学术价值是绝不能低估的。

本书作者多年来致力于这一领域的研究，在北宋墓志碑铭的搜集、整理与考校等方面，同样也付出了大量的的心血。本书的研究对象与研究内容涉及整个北宋168年，要系统、完整地进行考察和研究北宋全部墓志碑铭并非易事，因而从何种角度、以何种手段和方法对其进行研究，也就成为首当其冲的问题。饶有意味的是，本书并不仅仅是针对每一件北宋墓志碑铭的具体内容“辨章学术，考镜源流”，而是在此基础上选择从北宋墓志碑铭“撰写”的角度进行审视和考察，并由此引发出一系列颇具学术价值的问题，这不能不令人有耳目一新之感。

围绕着北宋墓志碑铭“撰写”的主旨，作者分门别类，分别从“北宋宗室墓志铭撰者”“奉敕撰功臣墓志碑铭者”“丧家向亲属求铭”“丧家向非亲属求铭”“直系亲属间的主动撰铭”“非亲属间撰者主动撰铭”“墓主生前自撰碑志”等不同角度对北宋墓志碑铭的撰写及其内在意蕴进行了细致而深刻的阐述和论证，生动展示了北宋官僚士大夫阶层的政治生态与官场士风，这对于我们深入理解整个北宋时期精英阶层的生存状态与价值观念，无疑是提供了一把不可多得的钥匙。因此，这种研究手段与方法的运用，无疑也是一种颇具学术价值的尝试。

三、已故的邓广铭先生在他漫长的学术生涯和指导后学的教学生涯中，总是强调治史的“四把钥匙”——年代、地理、职官、目录的重要性。在本书稿中，作者遵循前辈学者的指引，对北宋墓志碑铭中所涉及的地理、职官问题，对北宋个人习惯与墓志碑铭的撰写进行了精审的考订，厘清了此前悬而未决的诸多问题。其结论多发他人未发之覆，堪称弥补了本研究领域的一些空白。

例如，作者以范仲淹所撰墓志中所见郡名为例，详尽考证了“碑志所见郡名”“所用郡名特点”，认为范仲淹在撰写墓志时，有意将转运使写为部刺史，知州记为太守；对出土墓志中所见北宋韩琦家族“中散韩公”，作者也进行了令人信服的考释。在陶晋生先生等人的研究基础上，作者利用国家图书馆所藏拓片等信而有据的材料，一一予以廓清。通过这些细致的考证，北宋至南宋时期韩氏家族关系的繁衍与发展的状况也清晰地呈现在世人面前。

四、这部著作也是一部将北宋墓志碑铭的撰写及其具体内容与宋代历史研究有机结合的佳作，弥补了宋史研究的诸多不足，同时也为研治北宋政治史和相关领域的学界朋友提供了一些有益的参考。

例如，本书用专章通过北宋墓志碑铭的记载对北宋一朝政治史的发展演进过程分三个时期进行了细致的考察。如对于宋初政治，作者透过碑志文内容与墓志碑铭的撰写，对“北宋建立及统一的若干侧面”“宋初对辽战争”“东封西祀与墓志碑铭的撰写”进行了深入的研究；对于北宋中期政治，则透过墓志碑铭中的记载，就“碑志文中刘太后的负面形象”、宋仁宗明道二年（1033）废后事件的碑志文撰写以及“范仲淹集团”进行了解析和论证；对于北宋晚期政治，作者从“顺应政治潮流的碑志文撰写”“不敢求铭或铭文中表达较为隐晦”“坚持原则据实直书”等三个方面考察了这一时期的特殊政治环境和政治气氛。其论证过程是严谨的，其诸多结论性的意见也从一全新的视角揭示了北宋晚期政治发展的特殊轨迹，具有重要的学术价值。

从本书还可看出，作者虽然将研究对象侧重于北宋墓志碑铭的具体内容和撰写，但同时也稔熟宋代最重要的文献典籍和相关领域的史料，可以说已经积累了较为深厚的学养，这也就决定了作者在研究过程中能够见微知著，可以通过北宋墓志碑铭的研究洞察北宋历史发展的诸多层面，并得出中肯、独到和发人深省的见解。这种将宋代墓志碑铭与其它传世文献典籍有机结合的研究方式，对在相关领域推进宋史研究，其学术价值和理论价值显而易见。

五、本专著的另一显著特点，则是整体研究与个案研究相结合。这不仅可使读者透过北宋碑志文撰写及其具体内容洞察北宋168年间历史发展的诸多层面，明晰其发展规律，而且也可通过一些典型性案例的深入了解，深化相关领域的学术探讨。如作者选取了孔道辅墓志铭和欧阳修撰范仲淹神道碑这两个精典个案进行了细致而深入的考察和辨析，精彩之论随处可见。

关于前者，作者利用其墓志碑铭撰写和具体内容，对孔道辅“墓志铭”与“后碑”进行了周严的文本分析，对有关其世系、谏官事迹、两次出使契丹、废郭皇后伏 请谏事件、后嗣情况、宋真宗大中祥符年间天庆观击蛇案等方面均进行了令人信服的考索、分析和论证，精彩之处甚多。如作者通过深入细致的辨析，认为“张宗益作孔道辅后碑不但是为了使孔氏的生平功绩传信后世，而且还是用以否定王安石撰其墓志铭的手段。也只有理解了这一点，才会明白何以在在聊聊数百言中，出现了材料取舍方面‘详人所略、略人所详’的偌大差异，甚至连世系之详略亦不愿意有丝毫雷同之处”等等，颇有见地的此类论述甚多。

欧阳修撰范仲淹神道碑一事，是当时和此后北宋官场和士大夫圈内较为重要的事件之一。由于该事件涉及北宋中期的政治生态，涉及几大豪门家族之间的是非恩怨以及范仲淹、吕夷简等人的身后评价等复杂因素，素为研治宋代政治史的诸多研究者所重视，且见仁见智，一直存在着较大分歧。作者在本书中对所谓“吕范结仇”原因进行了再辨析，认为“吕范结仇与范仲淹第一次遭贬无关”，对宋仁宗明道二年（1033）废后事件中的吕范冲突、吕范结仇与景祐三年（1036）政争、“范仲淹神道碑”的撰写过程及争执等当时政治生活中的重要事件进行了严谨细腻的考察，认为欧阳修撰范仲淹神道碑时是“考虑了诸多的限制因素，下笔时处处谨慎，不仅迁延数年方才完成，而且为了弥合吕范之间的矛盾，更是有意回避、模糊化处理吕夷简对范仲淹排挤陷害的事实”，这诚为符合历史事实的中肯之论。

综上所述，仝相卿博士《北宋墓志碑铭撰写研究》一书史料翔实，网罗宏富，取材精审，是在充分占用史料、并对史料进行认真研究的基础上完成的，是这一研究领域的见功之作——虽然其中的若干观点还可进一步展开讨论。本书的出版将为学界增添又一别开生面的佳作，这确为可喜可贺之事。

行文至此，笔者还想说几句蛇足之语。

在我个人看来，相卿博士应该是当下学界优秀的青年才俊之一，也应该是最具发展潜力的年轻学者之一。截至目前为止，他已分别获得教育部人文社会科学青年项目“北宋墓志碑铭撰写研究”和国家社科基金项目“出土北宋墓志整理与研究”，并已在一些重要的学术刊物发表了一系列具有较高水平的学术论文，这些研究及其学术水平为作者顺利完成难度较大的《北宋墓志碑铭撰写研究》一书奠定了坚实的基础。因此，本书作为研究项目的阶段性成果，应该可以说是圆满达到预期的目的。本书之所以能在该研究领域取得成功，并为学界做出贡献，应归因于作者严谨笃实的学风、一丝不苟的治学理念和尽可能追求完美的科学精神。

此外，相卿博士与海内外学界的众多前辈学者和同辈学人均有着热忱、真挚和密切的学术交往，并因为对学术的挚爱和对学术真谛的追求，多年来，在利用网络媒体推介和传播宋史研究成果等公益活动方面也耗费了大量时间，做出了重要贡献。在处事为人方面，他恪守中国传统文人尊师重道的传统规范；往往不计个人的名利得失，对学界需要帮助的朋友总是尽其所能、毫无保留地施以援手，颇具古道热肠；他治学充满灵性，努力追求真知卓见，处事宽厚，个性友善、随和包容，以至其母校的一位前辈学者曾在多年前和我聊天时称他是“人见人爱”。这些言辞虽然游离了有关本书稿内容及学术评价的主题，但我认为，在未来的学术生涯中，这些品质会对他以后的学术成长大有裨益。

期待着将来能不断读到仝相卿博士的新著。

2019年1月撰于华中科技大学喻家山麓

Compared with the Sui and Tang dynasties and previous documents, due to the advancement of printing, Luo Jiaxiang showed explosive growth in the form of texts in the Song Dynasty, when the culture was prosperous and the talents were numerous. If you use the term "sweat and cow" to describe the situation in the Song Dynasty and beyond, this should not be excessive. Although due to wars, turmoil and other reasons, the documentary materials handed down in the form of paper texts have also suffered immeasurable damage and losses, but from the existing historical materials available to Chinese and foreign academic circles, it still greatly meets the research needs of Chinese and foreign academic circles through their understanding and understanding of the historical development and evolution laws of traditional Chinese society in the Tang and Song dynasties and beyond. Unlike the epoch-making and landmark status in Chinese academic history, such as the Yinxu oracle bone scripts, the Juyan Han Jian, the Dunhuang Turpan documents, and the Ming and Qing Dynasty archives, the epitaph inscriptions of the Song Dynasty do not seem to have received due attention for a long time, and their historical value has not been fully excavated and utilized. The reason for this situation, first of all, is that, as mentioned earlier, the literature about the Song Dynasty is too rich! This has led most of the academic colleagues to focus their main attention on the study and discussion of important documents, and many Song Dynasty epitaphs with many contents and even great value have been sleeping quietly for thousands of years - although, since the Song Dynasty, there has been no shortage of scholars who are interested, educated, insightful and accomplished in this field, and many excellent works have been left to future generations. However, in recent decades, with the prosperity of various cultural exchanges and publishing undertakings on both sides of the Taiwan Strait, and with the continuous expansion and deepening of academic circles in various research fields of Song Dynasty history, the historical value and documentary value of epitaphs in this period have gradually emerged, and have also been highly valued by colleagues in academic circles at home and abroad. 5736049 Indeed, in addition to the author of this book's mention that Mr. Jao Zongyi once referred to the five major categories of inscriptions and oracle bones, simple scrolls, Dunhuang scrolls, and archives as new historical materials, the late Mr. Zhang Shunhui, a famous historical philologist, also pointed out, "The number of rubbings of tombstones and epitaphs preserved today is very large, and it is also extremely precious documents that can be studied and added to the historical traditions." "After the death of 5736050 Zhang, Mr. Rao Er and other senior scholars, there have been more discoveries and excavations in terms of epitaphs in the Song Dynasty alone, and have provided more detailed and reliable and colorful historical materials for Chinese and foreign academic research, which has strongly promoted the progress of many research fields in Song history, which fully confirms the wisdom and insight of many sages. Based on some of the above understandings and thoughts, after reading Dr. Tong Xiangqing's manuscript, I felt a sense of relief and joy. We have reason to believe that with the advent of this monograph, the relevant research in this field of research will be further expanded, and the many levels and objects of Song history research may introduce more aspects of thinking because of the study of epitaphs of the Northern Song Dynasty, and there will be clearer thinking results in the academic relationship between the heirloom documents and epitaphs, and the academic value of this monograph will continue to appear. I personally believe that the "Research on the Writing of Epitaphs of the Northern Song Dynasty" has contributed to the historian community in at least the following aspects. First, this manuscript comprehensively, deeply and meticulously sorts out and summarizes the field of epitaph research in the Song Dynasty from many aspects, and on the whole, it should be said that the analysis is pertinent and thorough, the analysis is broad, the theory is rigorous, and it also more accurately explains the importance of the work in this field to the study of Song history. For historians, a rigorous and solid good academic style is not only reflected in the collection, collation and scientific application of original materials, but also in the absorption and reference of relevant achievements in the academic community. It can be seen from the "Introduction" of this book that the author has a relatively comprehensive and complete grasp and pertinent understanding of the research status, dynamics, significance and development direction of epitaphs on both sides of the Taiwan Strait, Japan and the entire Song historiography. For example, he believes that the previous research and use of epitaphs in the Song Dynasty was mainly to publish epitaph rubbings or interpretations, and conduct simple reviews, or correct historical book errors and supplement the deficiencies of historical texts from a single epitaph; the use of epitaph material to study certain specific issues; Discussion and reflection on the epitaph material itself, etc., and believes that "the study of epitaph inscription as the object of study and the real review of the epitaph itself is still rare, and the concept of the tomb owner, the author of the epitaph, the bereaved family, and the concept, mentality and limiting factors in the writing process are also the contents rarely covered by previous research, and there is a certain room for expansion." These views are generally in line with the current status quo of the academic community in this field of research and should be valid. Of course, he also fully affirmed the achievements and achievements of his predecessors and today's Song historian scholars in this field from the academic level. It is not difficult to see the author's diligence and infiltration in this professional field, and it also provides very useful observation, reference and reference for the relevant research work of colleagues in the academic field. Second, in the research methods and methods of this topic, the author can be described as a unique way. From the current situation, there are many copies of the epitaph inscriptions of the Northern Song Dynasty, the content is extremely rich, and the relevant excavations in recent years are also dazzling, so studying and sorting out the entire content of the Song Dynasty epitaph is a grand project. However, possessing first-hand materials in as much detail as possible is the cornerstone of a rigorous historian's scientific research, and the efforts to extract and refine historical materials and remove falsification and authenticity often best reflect the academic and academic background of historians. In the field of epitaph research and related research fields of the Northern Song Dynasty, the collection, sorting and examination of epitaphs, and mutual confirmation and falsification through the comparative study of heirloom documents and epitaphs, are all hard and hard work, and their academic value must not be underestimated. The author of this book has been committed to the research in this field for many years, and has also put a lot of effort into the collection, sorting and examination of epitaphs in the Northern Song Dynasty. The research object and research content of this book involve the entire 168 years of the Northern Song Dynasty, and it is not easy to systematically and completely investigate and study all the epitaphs of the Northern Song Dynasty, so from what angle, with what means and methods to study it, has become the first problem. Interestingly, this book is not only for the specific content of each Northern Song Dynasty epitaph, "discernment of scholarship, examination of mirror origin", but on this basis, it chooses to examine and investigate from the perspective of "writing" of the Northern Song Dynasty epitaph, and thus raises a series of questions of considerable academic value, which cannot but make people feel refreshed. Focusing on the theme of the "writing" of the epitaph inscription of the Northern Song Dynasty, the authors divided into categories, respectively, from different angles such as "the author of the epitaph of the Northern Song Dynasty", "the epitaph of the meritorious hero who wrote the edict", "the bereaved family asked for the inscription from relatives", "the bereaved family asked for inscription from non-relatives", "the active inscription between immediate relatives", "the writer between non-relatives took the initiative to write the inscription", and "the tomb owner wrote the inscription before his death" and other different angles, and made a detailed and profound exposition and demonstration of the writing of the Northern Song Dynasty epitaph inscription and its inner meaning, vividly showing the political ecology and officialdom of the bureaucratic and doctor class of the Northern Song Dynasty. This undoubtedly provides us with a rare key to deeply understand the survival and values of the elite class throughout the Northern Song Dynasty. Therefore, the application of this research method and method is undoubtedly an attempt of considerable academic value. Third, the late Mr. Deng Guangming, in his long academic career and teaching career as a mentor, always emphasized the importance of the "four keys" of history--age, geography, officials, and catalogs. In this manuscript, the author follows the guidance of previous scholars, conducts a careful examination of the geographical and official issues involved in the Northern Song Dynasty epitaphs, and examines the personal habits and writing of epitaphs in the Northern Song Dynasty, clarifying many previously unresolved issues. Its conclusions are often unanswered by others, which can be said to fill some gaps in this research field. For example, the author takes the name of the county seen in the epitaph written by Fan Zhongyan as an example, and thoroughly examines the "county name seen in the epitaph" and "the characteristics of the county name used", and believes that when Fan Zhongyan wrote the epitaph, he intended to write the transfer envoy as a history of the thorns, and Zhizhou as taishou; The author also gave a convincing interpretation of the "Zhongshan Han Gong" of the Hanqi family of the Northern Song Dynasty seen in the excavated epitaph. Based on the research of Mr. Tao Jinsheng and others, the author uses the evidence-based materials such as the rubbings in the National Library to clarify them one by one. Through these meticulous researches, the reproduction and development of the Han family relationship from the Northern Song Dynasty to the Southern Song Dynasty was also clearly presented to the world. 4. This work is also a masterpiece that organically combines the writing of the epitaph of the Northern Song Dynasty and its specific content with the historical research of the Song Dynasty, making up for many deficiencies in the study of Song history, and also providing some useful references for scholars in the political history of the Northern Song Dynasty and related fields. For example, this book devotes a special chapter to a detailed investigation of the development and evolution of the political history of the Northern Song Dynasty in three periods through the records of the epitaph inscriptions of the Northern Song Dynasty. For example, for the politics of the early Song Dynasty, the author conducts in-depth research on "some aspects of the establishment and unification of the Northern Song Dynasty", "the Liao War in the early Song Dynasty", "Eastern and Western worship and the writing of epitaphs" through the content of inscriptions and the writing of epitaphs; For the politics of the middle of the Northern Song Dynasty, through the records in the epitaph, the "negative image of Empress Dowager Liu in the inscription", the inscription writing of the events after the abolition in the second year of Emperor Renzong of Song (1033), and the "Fan Zhongyan clique" were analyzed and argued; For the politics of the late Northern Song Dynasty, the author examines the special political environment and political atmosphere of this period from three aspects: "writing inscriptions that conform to the political trend", "not daring to ask for inscriptions or the expression in the inscriptions is relatively obscure", and "adhering to principles and writing directly according to facts". The process of his argument is rigorous, and his many concluding opinions also reveal the special trajectory of political development in the late Northern Song Dynasty from a new perspective, which has important academic value. It can also be seen from this book that although the author focuses on the specific content and writing of the epitaph inscriptions of the Northern Song Dynasty, he is also familiar with the most important documents and historical materials in related fields of the Song Dynasty, and it can be said that he has accumulated a relatively deep knowledge, which determines that the author can see the details in the research process, and can gain insight into many aspects of the historical development of the Northern Song Dynasty through the study of the epitaph inscriptions of the Northern Song Dynasty, and draw pertinent, unique and thought-provoking insights. This kind of research method of organically combining Song Dynasty epitaph inscriptions with other traditional documents and classics has obvious academic and theoretical value for promoting the study of Song history in related fields. 5. Another distinctive feature of this monograph is the combination of holistic research and case studies. This not only enables readers to gain insight into the many aspects of historical development during the 168 years of the Northern Song Dynasty through the writing of the Northern Song Dynasty and its specific content, but also deepens academic discussions in related fields through the in-depth understanding of some typical cases. For example, the author selected two classic cases, Kong Daofu's epitaph and Ouyang Xiu's Fan Zhongyan Shinto Monument, for detailed and in-depth investigation and analysis, and wonderful theories can be seen everywhere. Regarding the former, the author uses his epitaph to write and specific content, and conducts a thorough textual analysis of Kong Daofu's "epitaph" and "later stele", and discusses his lineage, official deeds, two envoys to the Khitan, and the deposition of Empress Guo The request for advice, the situation of the heirs, and the Tianqing Snake Attack Case during the reign of Song Zhenzong's Dazhongxiang Fu have all carried out convincing research, analysis and argumentation, and there are many wonderful points. For example, through in-depth and meticulous analysis, the author believes that "Zhang Zongyi's work of Kong Daofu's posterity monument is not only to pass on Kong's life achievements to future generations, but also a means to deny Wang Anshi writing his epitaph." Only by understanding this can we understand why in the hundreds of conversations, there is a huge difference in the choice of materials, and even the details of the lineage are not willing to have the slightest similarity" and so on. Ouyang Xiu's writing of the Fan Zhongyan Shinto Monument was one of the more important events in the Northern Song Dynasty officialdom and scholarly circles at that time and thereafter. Because the incident involved the political ecology of the mid-Northern Song Dynasty, the right and wrong grudges between several wealthy families, and the posthumous evaluation of Fan Zhongyan, Lü Yijian and others, it has always been valued by many researchers who study the political history of the Song Dynasty, and there have always been great differences. In this book, the author re-analyzes the reasons for the so-called "Lü Fan's feud", arguing that "Lü Fan's feud has nothing to do with Fan Zhongyan's first debasement", and conducts a rigorous and meticulous investigation of the Lü Fan conflict in the events after the abolition of the second year of Emperor Renzong of Song (1033), the political dispute between Lü Fan's feud and the third year of Jingyou (1036), the writing process and dispute of the "Fan Zhongyan Shinto Monument", and believes that Ouyang Xiu wrote the Fan Zhongyan Shinto Monument "considering many limiting factors, and was cautious when writing." Not only did it take several years to complete, but in order to bridge the contradiction between Lu Fan, he deliberately avoided and obscured the fact that Lu Yijian excluded and framed Fan Zhongyan", which is a pertinent argument in line with historical facts. To sum up, Dr. Tong Xiangqing's book "Research on the Writing of Epitaphs in the Northern Song Dynasty" is a well-documented, rich and well-scrutinized book, which is completed on the basis of fully occupying historical materials and carefully studying them, and is a masterpiece of this field of research - although some of the points in it can be further discussed. The publication of this book will add another unique masterpiece to the academic community, which is indeed a gratifying thing. At this point, the author would like to say a few words of snake feet. In my personal opinion, Dr. Xiang Qing should be one of the outstanding young talents in the current academic field, and he should also be one of the young scholars with the most development potential. Up to now, he has been awarded the Ministry of Education's Humanities and Social Sciences Youth Project "Research on the Writing of Epitaph Inscriptions in the Northern Song Dynasty" and the National Social Science Foundation Project "Collation and Research of Unearthed Epitaph of the Northern Song Dynasty", and has published a series of high-level academic papers in some important academic journals, which have laid a solid foundation for the author to successfully complete the difficult book "Research on the Writing of Epitaph Inscriptions in the Northern Song Dynasty". Therefore, as a phased result of a research project, this book should be said to have successfully achieved the expected purpose. The success of this book in this field of research and its contribution to the academic community can be attributed to the author's rigorous academic style, meticulous academic philosophy, and scientific spirit of pursuing perfection as much as possible. In addition, Dr. Xiang Qing has warm, sincere and close academic exchanges with many senior scholars and peers in the academic circles at home and abroad, and because of his love for scholarship and pursuit of academic truth, he has also spent a lot of time and made important contributions to public welfare activities such as using online media to promote and disseminate the research results of Song history over the years. In terms of how to behave, he adheres to the traditional Chinese norms of literati respecting teachers and respecting the way; Often regardless of personal fame and gain, he always does his best and unreservedly helps friends in need of help in the academic community, which is quite old-fashioned and enthusiastic; He was spiritual, knowledgeable, generous, friendly, and tolerant, so much so that a senior scholar at his alma mater called him "Everybody Love" when he spoke to me years ago. Although these words deviate from the theme of the content of this book and the academic evaluation, I believe that these qualities will greatly benefit his future academic growth in his future academic career. I look forward to reading Dr. Tong's new books in the future. Written in January 2019 in the foothills of Yujiashan, Huazhong University of Science and Technology（AI翻译）