改革开放以来，我国农业生产取得了重要发展，农民收入显著增长。然而，农民收入尤其是务农收入仍然很低，不仅显著低于城镇居民及其他社会阶层，而且农民内部的收入差距也呈逐渐扩大之势。在这一时期，国家出台了农业税减免、粮食直补、农机具购置补贴、良种补贴等一系列补贴政策，试图解决农民收入低而不稳及收入差距拉大的问题。上述政策是否能有效地解决我国农民收入低而不稳、收入差距拉大的问题？与此同时，农户经营逐渐分化，农民不再是一个高度同质的群体，而是一个分化了的、掌握不同资源的、享有不同生活水平的群体，同样的农业政策在增加某些农民务农收入的同时，可能对另一些农民的收入完全没有作用，或仅有较小的作用，在当前情况下，农民中的低收入者应当是国内农业政策的主要目标人群。但上述政策是否能够提高农民，尤其是农民中低收入者的收入呢？本书在我国农产品供需基本平衡、农民角色出现分化的大背景下，通过理论和实证分析考察了我国现行的农业补贴政策对农民收入及其分配的作用。研究结果表明，现行的农业补贴政策对增加农民劳动收入的作用不大，补贴的收益主要通过土地租金或资本报酬提高的方式分别被土地所有者或资本所有者获得，继而对农民内部收入分配产生了新的影响。本书可供农业高等院校和科研机构从事农业经济与政策研究的学者、政府部门的科技管理人员阅读使用，也可以为广大从事农业经济与政策研究的研究生提供参考。

Although the agricultural of China has created a remarkable progress in the past 30 years，the income of farmer is still so lower，and the inequality is increase.During this period China has arise a series of subsidy policy such as phase out agricultural tax and direct subsidies policy to resolve the problem.The question is that what’s the effect of agricultural subsidy policy on farmers’income？Meanwhile，farmers are no longer a high degree of homogeneity group，they are a divided group with different interests and living standards.There is a huge gap in resource endowment，including human capital among farmers.Because of the differentiation of farmers，the same policy may increase the income of some farmer，but has little or no effect on other farmer’s income.In the current circumstances，the low income farmers should be the key goal of the agricultural subsidy policy.Therefore，in order to improve the efficiency of public expenditure，the paper investigate the effect of agricultural subsidy on farmers’income and distribution.Under the background of balance between supply and demand of agricultural production and differentiation of farmers，we analysis the effect of agricultural subsidy policy on income distribution of farmers.The results show that，current agricultural subsidy policy has little influence on the income of farmers as agricultural worker，but increase the land rent or capital return，and gained by the land owner or capital owner.The book can be used by scholars，government departments who engaged in research on agricultural economy and policy，besides，it can be used by the students who interested in agricultural economy and policy.