2016年5月16日，习近平总书记在哲学社会科学工作座谈会上的重要讲话中呼吁包括政治学在内的哲学社会科学创新，这对充分体现新时代中国特色、中国风格、中国气派的政治学的发展，提出了新的更高的要求。

什么是政治学？在弄清什么是政治学之前，需要先弄清什么是政治。早在1940年，毛泽东在《新民主主义论》中就指出：“一定的文化（当作观念形态的文化）是一定社会的政治和经济的反映，又给予伟大影响和作用于一定社会的政治和经济；而经济是基础，政治则是经济的集中的表现。这是我们对于文化和政治、经济的关系及政治和经济的关系的基本观点。那末，一定形态的政治和经济是首先决定那一定形态的文化的；然后，那一定形态的文化又才给予影响和作用于一定形态的政治和经济。”毛泽东这段著名论述告诉我们，一个大社会，是由经济、政治、文化三个部分组成。经济是基础，经济基础决定上层建筑，不仅决定政治的上层建筑，而且进而决定文化的上层建筑。但政治是经济的集中表现，在一定条件下，政治对经济、政治的上层建筑对经济基础又起着决定性的反作用。一定形态的政治又与一定形态的经济一道首先决定一定形态的文化。所以，一定的政治在一定的社会形态中，占有十分重要的不可替代的作用。

为了进一步弄清什么是政治学，让我们进一步从习近平总书记“5·17”讲话中寻找答案。习近平总书记指出：“马克思主义理论体系和知识体系博大精深”，“涉及历史、经济、政治、文化、社会、生态、科技、军事、党建等各个方面”；“中国特色哲学社会科学”应该“体现系统性、专业性。中国特色哲学社会科学应该涵盖历史、经济、政治、文化、社会、生态、军事、党建等各领域，囊括传统学科、新兴学科、前沿学科、交叉学科、冷门学科等诸多学科，不断推进学科体系、学术体系、话语体系建设和创新，努力构建一个全方位、全领域、全要素的哲学社会科学体系”。在列举的所有学科中，习近平总书记没有直接讲到法学，这决不是总书记的疏漏。法学本身不是一个领域，它仅是渗透到社会各个领域的一个工具，是阶级斗争的工具，是阶级意志的体现。法学也十分重要。但在总书记的讲话中，法学在哪，我个人理解，法学在政治学的涵盖之中。

无论从毛泽东的论述，还是习近平的论述，都说明我们不能把政治学的内涵理解得过于狭窄甚至偏颇。政治学的研究领域十分广阔，其研究对象应该是经济、政治和文化这三者组成中的“政治”即也可以称之为“大政治”，应是与历史、经济、文化、社会、生态、军事、党建等各个领域相并列的政治领域、而不是仅仅限定于公共政策、公共管理、人事管理、社会调查与社会统计等方面的“小政治”。具体而言，政治学就是研究群众、阶级、领袖、政党、国家、政府、军队、法律以及统一战线、战略策略等方方面面发展变化着活动及其联系并上升到规律和本质的学问。仅仅研究公共政策、公共管理、人事管理、社会调查与社会统计等方面的“小政治”学，既不能有效地为坚持和发展中国特色社会主义服务，又不利于中国特色、中国风格、中国气派政治学的创新发展。

政治学作为治国理政的学问，其研究应当顺应历史趋势、围绕时代主题、坚持问题导向、满足人民期待。新时代中国政治学的创新需要适应新形势新任务的要求，紧随时代步伐，站在历史高度，坚持正确的政治方向、理论方向和学术方向，从理论与实践的结合上总结和提升马克思主义中国化的经验，在与政治建设和政治发展的互动中繁荣发展中国特色、中国风格、中国气派的政治学。

中国政治学研究的根本任务是为坚持和发展中国特色社会主义政治制度服务，把马克思主义的基本原理与当今世情、国情、党情相结合，不断解决坚持中国特色社会主义政治制度和依法治国中的重大理论问题和实践问题。在经济全球化、政治多极化、文化多样化、社会信息化的当今世界，在改革开放和中国特色社会主义现代化建设的关键时刻，政治学研究者应该进一步增强责任感和使命感，坚定马克思主义信仰、坚定正确的政治立场、坚持理论与实践相结合，把政治学放到世界和中国发展大历史中去创新，着力建构中国特色社会主义的政治学。

郑州大学政治学团队正是立足“大政治学”的研究视野，服务国家和区域经济社会发展，着力研究“互联网国际政治学”“政治安全学”“文化政治学”，并取得了阶段性的丰硕成果。其中，余丽教授经过多年潜心研究出版了一部开创性学术著作《互联网国际政治学》，并入选2016年度“国家哲学社会科学成果文库”，这在一定程度上填补了业界空白，对我国国际政治学科的建设和发展都具有较为重要的作用。在郑州大学政治学学科荣获河南省重点学科之际，郑州大学政治学学科团队出版“郑州大学政治学丛书”，助力推进郑州大学“双一流”建设。

李慎明

2019年7月于北京

On May 16, 2016, General Secretary Xi Jinping called for innovation in philosophy and social sciences, including political science, in his important speech at the Symposium on Philosophy and Social Sciences, which put forward new and higher requirements for the development of political science that fully reflects Chinese characteristics, Chinese style and Chinese style in the new era. What is Political Science? Before we can figure out what political science is, we need to understand what politics is. As early as 1940, Mao Zedong pointed out in "On New Democracy": "A certain culture (culture as an ideological form) is a reflection of the politics and economy of a certain society, and it gives great influence and acts on the politics and economy of a certain society; While the economy is the foundation, politics is the expression of economic concentration. This is our basic view of the relationship between culture and politics and economics and the relationship between politics and economics. Then, a certain form of politics and economics is the first to determine that certain form of culture; Then, that certain form of culture influences and acts on a certain form of politics and economy. Mao Zedong's famous exposition tells us that a big society is composed of three parts: economy, politics and culture. The economy is the foundation, and the economic base determines the superstructure, not only the political superstructure, but also the cultural superstructure. However, politics is the concentrated expression of the economy, and under certain conditions, politics plays a decisive counterrole to the economy, and the superstructure of politics plays a decisive counterrole on the economic foundation. A certain form of politics, together with a certain form of economy, first determines a certain form of culture. Therefore, certain politics occupies a very important and irreplaceable role in a certain social formation. In order to further clarify what political science is, let us further look to General Secretary Xi Jinping's "May 17" speech for answers. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that "the Marxist theoretical system and knowledge system are broad and profound", "involving history, economy, politics, culture, society, ecology, science and technology, military, party building and other aspects"; "Philosophy and social science with Chinese characteristics" should "embody a systematic and professional nature." Philosophy and social sciences with Chinese characteristics should cover history, economy, politics, culture, society, ecology, military, party building and other fields, including traditional disciplines, emerging disciplines, frontier disciplines, interdisciplinary disciplines, unpopular disciplines and many other disciplines, continuously promote the construction and innovation of discipline system, academic system, and discourse system, and strive to build an all-round, all-field, all-element philosophy and social science system." Of all the disciplines listed, General Secretary Xi Jinping did not directly mention law, which is by no means an omission by the general secretary. Jurisprudence itself is not a field, it is only a tool that penetrates into all areas of society, an instrument of class struggle, and the embodiment of class will. Jurisprudence is also very important. But in the speech of the general secretary, where is the study of law, I personally understand that law is covered by political science. Both Mao Zedong's exposition and Xi Jinping's exposition show that we cannot understand the connotation of political science too narrowly or even biased. The research field of political science is very broad, and its research object should be the "politics" in the composition of economy, politics and culture, that is, it can also be called "big politics", which should be a political field that is juxtaposed with history, economy, culture, society, ecology, military, party building and other fields, rather than "small politics" limited to public policy, public management, personnel management, social survey and social statistics. Specifically, political science is the study of the development and change of activities and their connections in all aspects such as the masses, classes, leaders, political parties, states, governments, armies, laws, united fronts, strategies and tactics, and rising to the law and essence. The study of "small politics" in public policy, public management, personnel management, social survey and social statistics can not effectively serve the adherence to and development of socialism with Chinese characteristics, nor is it conducive to the innovative development of political science with Chinese characteristics, Chinese style and Chinese style. As a discipline of governing the country, the study of political science should conform to historical trends, focus on the theme of the times, adhere to problem-orientation, and meet the expectations of the people. The innovation of Chinese political science in the new era needs to adapt to the requirements of the new situation and new tasks, keep up with the pace of the times, stand at a historical height, adhere to the correct political, theoretical and academic directions, summarize and enhance the experience of Sinicization of Marxism from the combination of theory and practice, and prosper and develop political science with Chinese characteristics, Chinese style and Chinese style in the interaction with political construction and political development. The fundamental task of the study of Chinese political science is to serve the adherence to and development of the socialist political system with Chinese characteristics, integrate the basic principles of Marxism with the current conditions of the world, the country and the Party, and constantly solve major theoretical and practical problems in adhering to the socialist political system with Chinese characteristics and governing the country according to law. In today's world of economic globalization, political multipolarization, cultural diversification and social informatization, and at the critical moment of reform and opening up and socialist modernization with Chinese characteristics, political science researchers should further enhance their sense of responsibility and mission, strengthen their belief in Marxism, firm and correct political stance, adhere to the combination of theory and practice, put political science in the great history of world and China's development to innovate, and focus on building the political science of socialism with Chinese characteristics. Based on the research vision of "big political science", the political science team of Zhengzhou University serves the national and regional economic and social development, focuses on the research of "Internet international politics", "political security" and "cultural politics", and has achieved fruitful results in stages. Among them, Professor Yu Li published a pioneering academic work "Internet International Politics" after years of painstaking research, and was selected into the "National Philosophy and Social Science Achievement Library" in 2016, which fills the gap in the industry to a certain extent and plays a relatively important role in the construction and development of China's international political discipline. On the occasion that the political science discipline of Zhengzhou University was awarded the key discipline of Henan Province, the political science team of Zhengzhou University published the "Political Science Series of Zhengzhou University" to help promote the construction of "Double First-class" of Zhengzhou University. Li Shenming in Beijing in July 2019（AI翻译）