建构并完善审判责任制度，是法院系统推进司法改革必须牵住的“牛鼻子”。然而，改革实践中与审判责任制度顶层设计不相符合甚至违背审判基本规律的现象依然存在，况且，相关制度顶层设计本身也有亟待修正之处。因此，结合新一轮司法改革实践，以法官员额制度和审判职业保障制度为基础，完善违法审判责任追究制度和审判责任豁免制度，就成为切实解决制约司法能力、妨碍司法公正之突出问题，进而助推国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的客观需要。

Constructing and improving the trial responsibility system is the "bull's nose" that the court system must hold to promote judicial reform. However, in the practice of reform, there are still phenomena that are inconsistent with or even violate the basic laws of trial with the top-level design of the trial responsibility system, and the top-level design of the relevant system itself also needs to be corrected urgently. Therefore, combined with the practice of the new round of judicial reform, based on the judge post system and the trial professional security system, improving the system of pursuing responsibility for illegal trials and the exemption system for trial responsibility has become an objective need to effectively solve the prominent problems of restricting judicial capacity and obstructing judicial justice, and then promote the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity.（AI翻译）

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