王伟光

今年是中国社会科学院学部成立十周年，我们适时编纂出版这套《中国社会科学院学部委员学术自传》，这是一件嘉惠学人的好事，也是赠贺学部成立十周年的一份厚礼！学部委员是中国哲学社会科学的最高荣誉称号，获此殊荣者是各个学术领域中的佼佼者和领军者，学术素养深厚、学术成就卓越。这套学部委员学术自传的出版，可以使我们比较全面地了解这些优秀学者的学术成就和贡献，使后学者能从中受到启迪和教益。同时，这套学术自传也是对中国半个世纪以来哲学社会科学发展历程的巡礼，展示了中国哲学社会科学薪火相承、人才辈出的盛况。在出版之际我谈一点感想和体会，代为序言。

我国的学部委员制度由来已久。新中国成立之初，即成立了中国科学院，作为包括哲学社会科学在内的全国科学事业的领导机构。1953年，中央派钱三强、张稼夫率中国科学院代表团出访苏联，调研苏联在组织、领导科学事业等方面的经验，了解苏联科学院的学术管理体制等情况。1955年6月，中央决定在中国科学院建立学部委员制度，设立哲学社会科学部、物理学数学化学部、生物学地学部和技术科学部四个学部，产生第一批学部委员233人。其中，中国社会科学院的前身哲学社会科学部产生学部委员61人。学部委员包括了我国社会科学各方面有代表性的著名学者。

中国科学院学部成立后，哲学社会科学部先后于1955年、1957年、1960年、1963年召开了四次学部委员大会，讨论、确定哲学社会科学工作的方针、任务和交流经验，规划重点研究项目，进行学术交流活动等，在推动科学研究和学科建设、树立优良学风、努力培养人才等方面发挥了重要作用。1963年以后，由于错误路线干扰，学部再未举行过学术活动，学部委员也再未增选，学部基本处于瘫痪和停滞状态。

1977年中国科学院恢复学部活动并开始增选学部委员，1993年学部委员改称院士，成为我国科学技术方面的最高学术称号。在哲学社会科学领域恢复学部委员制度成为哲学社会科学界的强烈愿望。中国社会科学院自1977年成立后，在历届院长的领导下，与哲学社会科学界一起进行反复调研和论证，形成了大量的报告和方案，为恢复学部委员制度做了充分准备。2003年我院制定《中国社会科学院十年发展纲要》，明确提出“着手设立学部委员制度”，以此作为加强人才建设，建成培养和造就一流哲学社会科学研究人才重要基地的具体措施和步骤。2006年8月3日，经党中央、国务院批准，中国社会科学院学部正式成立，分别设立了文史哲学部、经济学部、社会政法学部、国际研究学部、马克思主义研究学部五大学部，2010年文史哲学部分为文哲学部与历史学部，形成目前马克思主义研究学部、文哲学部、历史学部、经济学部、社会政法学部、国际研究学部六大学部布局。2006年，我院推选出首批学部委员47人、荣誉学部委员95人。2011年，增选学部委员10人、荣誉学部委员38人。2014年，增选学部委员4人。自学部成立后，我院共产生学部委员61人、荣誉学部委员133人。

我院遴选学部委员的标准是坚持以马克思主义为指导，坚持正确的政治方向和学术导向，在遵守科学道德、维护科学精神、发扬优良学风等方面发挥表率作用。学部委员以自己的言行践行了这一标准和要求，他们将学术专长与中国特色社会主义伟大实践相结合，主持和参与了若干国家重大科研项目，为国家经济社会建设和文化建设做出了贡献，在学科建设、学术发展、理论创新、资政建言、人才培育、舆论引导、社会服务等方面起到重要作用。他们深厚的理论素养、开阔的学术视野、勤勉的治学精神、优良的学术操守垂范于后学，是我院宝贵的学术财富。

中国社会科学网自2011年1月1日创办上线，为服务中央对我院“三个定位”的要求，增强我院在社科领域乃至国际上的话语权与影响力，宣传好我院的科研成果与优秀人才，引领理论学术的思潮，该网在首页开辟了“学部委员”专栏，一是为学部委员开设专题介绍，二是设置“学部委员学术自传”栏目。这一专栏受到了理论界和学术界的好评，展示了中国社会科学院的对外形象，扩大了学术影响。

“授人以鱼，不如授人以渔。”为了将学部委员宝贵的学术财富薪火相承，在学部成立十周年之际，我院在有关部门和单位，特别是在周溯源同志的积极推动下，在社科网专栏资料的基础上，再次组织学部委员、荣誉学部委员撰写学术自传。除了已经病逝或年高病重无法写作者外，有140位学部委员、荣誉学部委员撰写了学术自传。这些自传朴实亲切、明白晓畅，讲述了各自的人生经历和学术经历，叙述了自己如何做人，如何为人民求学、治学，如何克服困难，淡泊名利，甘坐冷板凳，忍受清贫寂寞，“衣带渐宽终不悔，为伊消得人憔悴”，追求精品力作，追求立德立功立言。这套自传不仅介绍了学部委员的学术成就，而且总结了他们各自的治学经验。从学部委员的学术自传中，可以看出他们在为人民做学问的路上，如何废寝忘食，争分夺秒，惜时如金。

由于时间所限，这套学术自传有约稿型、访谈型、随笔型，虽然在整体设计和文体方面看似不甚统一，但在一定程度上体现了这些学者的学术个性与风格。另外，由于各位学部委员学术自传的篇幅长短不一，考虑到篇幅的均衡问题，在付梓出版时没有按各学部划分独立成册，也是本套丛书的缺憾。此外，如能增加同行专家对学部委员学术成就与学术贡献的评价，则将起到锦上添花之效。

学术自传是作者对学术道路的回顾与总结，其中凝聚了作者的治学经验与治学方法，又有对新中国关于学术人才培养的描述，更不乏作者对学术与人格、学术与利益、学术与功名等关系的人生思考，因而这套学术自传既富有启发和感染力，又具有当代学术史的史料价值。当前，我院的学部委员、荣誉学部委员总体年龄偏大，有很多已到耄耋之年，他们的学术智慧和治学经验需要传承与发扬。因此，这套学部委员学术自传，可以称得上是一项学术史料的保护和抢救工程，是功在当代、利在千秋的事业。

今年5月17日，习近平同志在哲学社会科学工作座谈会上发表了重要讲话，明确指出哲学社会科学在认识世界、改造世界、推动社会进步、增强国家综合国力和国际竞争力、坚持和发展中国特色社会主义等方面具有不可替代的重要地位，哲学社会科学工作者具有不可替代的重要作用。希望广大哲学社会科学工作者坚持马克思主义的指导地位，加快构建中国特色哲学社会科学，树立良好的学术道德，自觉遵守学术规范，讲究博学、审问、慎思、明辨、笃行，崇尚“士以弘道”的价值追求，真正把做人、做事、做学问统一起来。要执着坚守，耐得住寂寞、经得起诱惑、守得住底线，立志为人民做学问，做大学问、做真学问。要把社会责任放在首位，严肃对待学术研究的社会效果，自觉践行社会主义核心价值观，做真善美的追求者和传播者，以深厚的学识修养赢得尊重，以高尚的人格魅力引领风气，在为祖国、为人民立德立言中成就自我、实现价值。

习近平同志的殷切期望为广大哲学社会科学工作者指明了继续前进的方向、努力追求的目标。我们也期盼这套学术自传的出版能乘上习近平总书记重要讲话的东风，推动我院、我国的科研人员以学部委员、荣誉学部委员的高尚追求和优良学风为榜样，不畏艰辛、不辱使命，以自己的智慧和努力，为繁荣发展我国哲学社会科学，为建设中国特色社会主义事业做出自己应有的贡献。

2016年8月3日写于建国门社科院科研楼

Wang Weiguang is celebrating the 10th anniversary of the establishment of the Faculty of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences this year, and we are compiling and publishing this set of "Academic Autobiographies of Members of the Faculty of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences" in a timely manner, which is a good thing to benefit the scholars and a generous gift to congratulate the 10th anniversary of the establishment of the Faculty of Social Sciences! The Faculty Member is the highest honorary title of Chinese philosophy and social sciences, and the recipients of this honor are leaders and leaders in various academic fields, with profound academic literacy and outstanding academic achievements. The publication of this set of academic autobiographies of faculty members can give us a more comprehensive understanding of the academic achievements and contributions of these outstanding scholars, so that future scholars can be inspired and enlightened from them. At the same time, this set of academic autobiographies is also a tour of the development of philosophy and social sciences in China over the past half century, showing the grand situation of Chinese philosophy and social sciences inheriting the torch and talents in succession. On the occasion of its publication, I would like to share some thoughts and experiences and represent the preface. The system of academic committee members in our country has a long history. At the beginning of the founding of New China, the Chinese Academy of Sciences was established as the leading institution of national scientific undertakings, including philosophy and social sciences. In 1953, the Central Committee sent a delegation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences led by Qian Sanqiang and Zhang Jiafu to visit the Soviet Union to investigate the experience of the Soviet Union in organizing and leading scientific undertakings, and to understand the academic management system of the Soviet Academy of Sciences. In June 1955, the central government decided to establish a faculty membership system at the Chinese Academy of Sciences, establishing four departments: the Department of Philosophy and Social Sciences, the Department of Physics, Mathematics and Chemistry, the Department of Biology and Geosciences, and the first batch of 233 faculty members. Among them, the predecessor of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, the Department of Philosophy and Social Sciences, has 61 members. The members of the Faculty include well-known scholars who are representative of various aspects of social sciences in China. After the establishment of the Faculty of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Faculty of Philosophy and Social Sciences held four meetings of the Faculty Committee in 1955, 1957, 1960 and 1963 to discuss and determine the policies, tasks and exchange experiences of philosophy and social science work, plan key research projects, and carry out academic exchange activities, etc., which played an important role in promoting scientific research and discipline construction, establishing excellent academic style, and striving to cultivate talents. After 1963, due to the interference of the wrong route, the Faculty never held academic activities again, and the Faculty members were not co-elected, and the Faculty was basically paralyzed and stagnant. In 1977, the Chinese Academy of Sciences resumed the activities of the Faculty and began to co-elect the members of the Division, and in 1993, the members of the Faculty were renamed academicians, becoming the highest academic title in science and technology in China. In the field of philosophy and social sciences, the restoration of the faculty committee system has become a strong desire of the philosophy and social science community. Since its establishment in 1977, the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, under the leadership of successive presidents, has conducted repeated research and demonstration with the philosophical and social science circles, and formed a large number of reports and programs, making full preparations for the restoration of the faculty membership system. In 2003, our institute formulated the "Ten-Year Development Outline of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences", which clearly put forward the "establishment of the faculty committee system" as a specific measure and step to strengthen the construction of talents and build an important base for cultivating and cultivating first-class talents in philosophy and social science research. On August 3, 2006, with the approval of the Party Central Committee and the State Council, the Faculty of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences was formally established, respectively establishing five university departments: the Department of Literature, History and Philosophy, the Department of Economics, the Department of Social Politics and Law, the Department of International Studies, and the Faculty of Marxist Studies, and in 2010, the Department of Literature, History and Philosophy was divided into the Department of Literature and Philosophy and the Department of History, forming the current layout of six university departments: Marxist Studies, Literature and Philosophy, History, Economics, Social Politics and Law, and International Studies. In 2006, our institute elected the first batch of 47 members and 95 honorary members. In 2011, 10 co-opted members of the Faculty and 38 members of the Honorary Faculty were elected. In 2014, 4 members were co-opted. Since the establishment of the Faculty of Studies, our school has produced a total of 61 members of the Faculty and 133 members of the Honorary Division. The criteria for selecting members of the Faculty of our institute are to adhere to Marxism as the guide, adhere to the correct political direction and academic orientation, and play an exemplary role in abiding by scientific ethics, safeguarding the scientific spirit, and carrying forward the excellent academic style. They combined their academic expertise with the great practice of socialism with Chinese characteristics, presided over and participated in a number of major national scientific research projects, contributed to the country's economic and social construction and cultural construction, and played an important role in discipline construction, academic development, theoretical innovation, senior administration advice, talent cultivation, public opinion guidance, and social services. Their profound theoretical literacy, broad academic vision, diligent academic spirit, and excellent academic ethics set an example for later studies, which are valuable academic assets of our school. China Social Science Network has been launched since January 1, 2011, in order to serve the requirements of the central government for the "three positioning" of our institute, enhance the discourse power and influence of our institute in the field of social sciences and even the world, publicize the scientific research achievements and outstanding talents of our institute, and lead the trend of theoretical scholarship, the network has opened a "Faculty Members" column on the home page, one is to open a special introduction for Faculty members, and the other is to set up a "Academic Autobiographies of Faculty Members" column. This column has been well received by the theoretical and academic circles, showing the external image of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences and expanding its academic influence. "It is better to teach people to fish than to teach people to fish." In order to pass on the valuable academic wealth of the members of the Faculty of Divisions, on the occasion of the 10th anniversary of the establishment of the Faculty of Divisions, our institute, under the active promotion of relevant departments and units, especially Comrade Zhou Shuyuan, once again organized members of the Faculty and Honorary Faculty members to write academic autobiographies on the basis of the column materials of the Social Science Network. In addition to those who have died or are too ill to write, 140 members of the Faculty and Honorary Faculty have written academic autobiographies. These autobiographies are simple and kind, clear and clear, telling their own life and academic experiences, describing how they are people, how they study and govern for the people, how they overcome difficulties, they are indifferent to fame and wealth, they are willing to sit on a cold bench, they endure poverty and loneliness, "the belt gradually widens and finally does not regret, and they make people haggard for Iraq", pursue high-quality masterpieces, and pursue virtue and meritorious speech. This autobiography not only describes the academic achievements of the faculty members, but also summarizes their respective academic experiences. From the academic autobiographies of the members of the faculty, we can see how they forgot to sleep and eat, raced against time, and saved time like gold on the way to learning for the people. Due to time constraints, this set of academic autobiographies has a commissioned type, an interview type, and an essay type, although it seems to be not unified in terms of overall design and style, but to a certain extent, it reflects the academic personality and style of these scholars. In addition, due to the different lengths of the academic autobiographies of the members of the Division, considering the balance of the length, it was not divided into separate volumes by each department at the time of publication, which is also a shortcoming of this series. In addition, it would be icing on the cake if peer experts could increase the evaluation of the academic achievements and contributions of faculty members. Academic autobiography is the author's review and summary of the academic road, which condenses the author's academic experience and academic methods, and also describes the cultivation of academic talents in New China, and there is no lack of the author's life thinking on the relationship between academia and personality, academia and interests, academia and fame, etc., so this set of academic autobiographies is both inspiring and appealing, and has the historical value of contemporary academic history. At present, the members of the Faculty and Honorary Faculty of our school are generally older, and many of them are in their old age, and their academic wisdom and academic experience need to be passed on and carried forward. Therefore, this set of academic autobiographies of faculty members can be called a project for the protection and rescue of academic historical materials, and a cause that contributes to the present and the future. On May 17 this year, Comrade Xi Jinping delivered an important speech at the Symposium on Philosophy and Social Sciences, clearly pointing out that philosophy and social sciences play an irreplaceable and important role in understanding the world, transforming the world, promoting social progress, enhancing the country's comprehensive national strength and international competitiveness, and adhering to and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics, and philosophy and social science workers play an irreplaceable and important role. It is hoped that the vast number of philosophy and social science workers will adhere to the guiding position of Marxism, accelerate the construction of philosophy and social science with Chinese characteristics, establish good academic ethics, consciously abide by academic norms, pay attention to erudition, interrogation, careful thinking, discernment, and dedication, advocate the value pursuit of "propagating the way with morality", and truly unify being a person, doing things, and doing learning. We must persistently persevere, endure loneliness, withstand temptation, and guard the bottom line, and be determined to do learning for the people, doing university questions, and doing true learning. It is necessary to put social responsibility in the first place, take seriously the social effects of academic research, consciously practice the core socialist values, be a pursuer and disseminator of truth, goodness and beauty, win respect with profound academic accomplishment, lead the atmosphere with noble personality charm, and achieve self-achievement and value in standing up for the motherland and the people. Comrade Xi Jinping's ardent expectations have pointed out the direction for the vast number of philosophy and social science workers to continue to move forward and strive to pursue. We also hope that the publication of this set of academic autobiographies can ride the east wind of General Secretary Xi Jinping's important speech, and urge our institute and China's scientific researchers to follow the example of the noble pursuit and excellent academic style of the members of the Faculty and Honorary Division, brave hardships and fulfill their mission, and use their wisdom and efforts to make their due contributions to the prosperity and development of philosophy and social sciences in our country and the cause of building socialism with Chinese characteristics. Written on August 3, 2016 in the Scientific Research Building of Jianguomen Academy of Social Sciences（AI翻译）