Since the reform and opening up,China's foreign trade has provided capital,technology,employment position and human capital for economic development.However,the rapid growth of foreign trade also consumes a lot of energy and resources in China,causing a lot of pollution and seriously affecting our country ecosystem.In the face of severe environmental problems and urgent environmental requirements,Chinese government has made clear the need to speed up the transformation of economic development mode,and made a request for transformation of foreign trade development mode too.In new era,continuously improving environmental regulatory policies,strengthening the intensity of environmental regulation,reasonable assessing trade effects of environmental regulatory and changing the original economic and trade development mode have become China's social consensus.The international community is also highly concerned about the economic development and ecologi cal environment,and coordination between trade liberalization and environmental protection is the mainstream of the world economic and trade development,but it is also clear that the natural environment bears the pressure and trade and environmental problems enter people's vision.While facing games and struggles in environmental cooperation with economic and politi cal interests,all countries trying their best to change economic development mode have been on the road,and to improve environmental regulation intensity and to change the development mode of foreign trade are the request for governments and enterprises to participate in cooperation and competition of international economic and trade.How to judge the impact of environmental regulation on foreign trade and how to rationally change the mode of foreign trade development have become the inevitable choice for China and other developing countries to participate in the international economy.

This book attempts to study the problem based on the research framework,asking problems-analyzing problems-solving problems.The part of asking problems is to elaborate the research background and significance,to summarize the empiri cal view and theoreti cal basis of three kinds of trade effects of environmental regulation,and to design study improvement plan for the problem.The details are:the first chapter analyzes that domestic strengthening environmental protection and changing foreign trade development mode have become a consensus,and cooperation and competition of international economic and trade coexist,and explains study significance from two aspects of theory and application.The second chapter reviews related literatures about the influences of environmental regulation on trade development,summarizes the conclusions and views of relevant literatures,analyzes the empiri cal results and theoreti cal basis of environmental regulation's negative trade effects,positive trade effects and indefinite trade effects,and based on three types of trade effects designs study improvement plan.

The part of analyzing problems is to carry out theoreti cal and empiri cal research respectively about three types of trade effects of environmental regulation,following the research path,theoreti cal analysis-statisti cal description-empiri cal test（or simulation analysis）-policy revelation,and to build an evaluation index system of China's foreign trade development mode transformaiton under environmental regulation combined with different trade effects and take measurement and analysis.The details are: The third chapter,based on the negative trade effect of environmental regulation,analyzes the trade effect of environmental regulation under the factor endowment theory,including theoreti cal analysis of the Ricardo model and H-O model with environmental elements included,descriptive statisti cal analysis of China's trade comparative advantage,and empiri cal testing the relationship between environmental regulation and trade comparative advantage in polluting-intensive industries and sub-sectors.The fourth chapter,based on the positive trade effect of environmental regulation,analyzes the trade effect of environmental regulation under technologi cal innovation influence,including derivation analysis about enhancement of environmental regulation promoting enterprises to scientific and technologi cal innovation and enhancing the status of the global value chain by constructing theoreti cal models,descriptive statisti cal analysis of China's technologi cal innovation and export structure optimization trends,and empiri cal testing the relationship between environmental regulation and technologi cal innovation（independent innovation and technology introduction）or exports Industrial structure.The fifth chapter,based on the uncertain trade effects of environmental regulation,analyzes the trade effect of environmental regulation under the perspective of factor flowing,including derivation analysis of close relationship between the impact of environmental tax changes on product competitiveness and factor yield elasticitycoefficient,simulation analysis on environmental tax affecting total cost structure and product competitiveness by the change of factor return,and the descriptive statisti cal analysis of China's carbon tax sensitive industries andcarbon tax implementation significance.The sixth chapter,based on the three types of trade effects of environmental regulation and environmental effect of foreign trade development,constructs one evaluation index system of China's foreign trade development mode transformation,including 4 primary indicators sub-systems,15 second-level indicators and 35 third-level indicators,and then calculates and assesses China's foreign trade development mode transformation based on PCA.

The part of solving problems is to summarize the research conclusion and on this basis put forward policy suggestions from three dimensions of changing consciousness,strategic planning and specific path.The seventh chapter summarizes research conclusion and puts forward that China should understand deeply China's foreign trade development mode transformation under environmental regulatory requirements from the perspective of demand and supply,design reasonably the strategic planning of China's foreign trade development mode transformation under environmental regulation,and choosescientifi cally the specific path of China's foreign trade development mode transformation under environmental regulation.

This book attempts to conduct theoreti cal and empiri cal research,using the econometrics,comparative analysis,mathemati cal model derivation,numeri cal simulation,input-output method and other methods.There are somepossible innovations.Firstly,this book conmbines the systematic research on classification trade effects and comprehensive effects assessment of environmental regulation,systemati cally studying three effects of environmental regulation on the foreign trade development mode transformation and then integrating trade effects of environmental regulation to construct the evaluation index system of China's foreign trade development mode transformation under environmental regulation and take measurement the analysis.Secondly,this book introduces the new perspective of factor flowing and deduces and analy zes trade effects of environmental regulation through mathemati cal models,breaking through the research framework of demonstrating the positive impact of environmental regulation on the competitiveness from the view of government-led income redistribution or techni cal innovation,from the static effects of environmental regulation on factors to the dynamic effects of environmental regulation affecting the distribution off actors.Thirdly this book improves the reliability of the conclusions and the effectiveness of policy recommendations by subdivision industry inspection and comparative research of different indicators,taking multidimensional comparative studies by comparative indicators and segmented industries with full consideration of China's complete industries and large structural differences and carrying out special studies for high-carbon industry and other pollution-intensive industries.

Since the reform and opening up,China's foreign trade has provided capital,technology,employment position and human capital for economic development. However,the rapid growth of foreign trade also consumes a lot of energy and resources in China,causing a lot of pollution and seriously affecting our country ecosystem. In the face of severe environmental problems and urgent environmental requirements,Chinese government has made clear the need to speed up the transformation of economic development mode,and made a request for transformation of foreign trade development mode too. In new era,continuously improving environmental regulatory policies,strengthening the intensity of environmental regulation,reasonable assessing trade effects of environmental regulatory and changing the original economic and trade development mode have become China's social consensus. The international community is also highly concerned about the economic development and ecologi cal environment,and coordination between trade liberalization and environmental protection is the mainstream of the world economic and trade development,but it is also clear that the natural environment bears the pressure and trade and environmental problems enter people's vision. While facing games and struggles in environmental cooperation with economic and politi cal interests,all countries trying their best to change economic development mode have been on the road, and to improve environmental regulation intensity and to change the development mode of foreign trade are the request for governments and enterprises to participate in cooperation and competition of international economic and trade. How to judge the impact of environmental regulation on foreign trade and how to rationally change the mode of foreign trade development have become the inevitable choice for China and other developing countries to participate in the international economy. This book attempts to study the problem based on the research framework,asking problems-analyzing problems-solving problems. The part of asking problems is to elaborate the research background and significance,to summarize the empiri cal view and theoreti cal basis of three kinds of trade effects of environmental regulation,and to design study improvement plan for the problem. The details are:the first chapter analyzes that domestic strengthening environmental protection and changing foreign trade development mode have become a consensus,and cooperation and competition of international economic and trade coexist,and explains study significance from two aspects of theory and application. The second chapter reviews related literatures about the influences of environmental regulation on trade development,summarizes the conclusions and views of relevant literatures,analyzes the empiri cal results and theoreti cal basis of environmental regulation's negative trade effects,positive trade effects and indefinite trade effects,and based on three types of trade effects designs study improvement plan. The part of analyzing problems is to carry out theoreti cal and empiri cal research respectively about three types of trade effects of environmental regulation,following the research path, theoreti cal analysis-statisti cal description-empiri cal test（or simulation analysis）-policy revelation,and to build an evaluation index system of China's foreign trade development mode transformaiton under environmental regulation combined with different trade effects and take measurement and analysis. The details are: The third chapter,based on the negative trade effect of environmental regulation,analyzes the trade effect of environmental regulation under the factor endowment theory, including theoreti cal analysis of the Ricardo model and H-O model with environmental elements included,descriptive statisti cal analysis of China's trade comparative advantage,and empiri cal testing the relationship between environmental regulation and trade comparative advantage in polluting-intensive industries and sub-sectors. The fourth chapter,based on the positive trade effect of environmental regulation,analyzes the trade effect of environmental regulation under technologi cal innovation influence,including derivation analysis about enhancement of environmental regulation promoting enterprises to scientific and technologi cal innovation and enhancing the status of the global value chain by constructing theoreti cal models,descriptive statisti cal analysis of China's technologi cal innovation and export structure optimization trends,and empiri cal testing the relationship between environmental regulation and technologi cal innovation（independent innovation and technology introduction）or exports Industrial structure. The fifth chapter,based on the uncertain trade effects of environmental regulation,analyzes the trade effect of environmental regulation under the perspective of factor flowing,including derivation analysis of close relationship between the impact of environmental tax changes on product competitiveness and factor yield elasticitycoefficient,simulation analysis on environmental tax affecting total cost structure and product competitiveness by the change of factor return,and the descriptive statisti cal analysis of China's carbon tax sensitive industries andcarbon tax implementation significance. The sixth chapter,based on the three types of trade effects of environmental regulation and environmental effect of foreign trade development,constructs one evaluation index system of China's foreign trade development mode transformation,including 4 primary indicators sub-systems,15 second-level indicators and 35 third-level indicators,and then calculates and assesses China's foreign trade development mode transformation based on PCA. The part of solving problems is to summarize the research conclusion and on this basis put forward policy suggestions from three dimensions of changing consciousness,strategic planning and specific path. The seventh chapter summarizes research conclusion and puts forward that China should understand deeply China's foreign trade development mode transformation under environmental regulatory requirements from the perspective of demand and supply,design reasonably the strategic planning of China's foreign trade development mode transformation under environmental regulation,and choosescientifi cally the specific path of China's foreign trade development mode transformation under environmental regulation. This book attempts to conduct theoreti cal and empiri cal research,using the econometrics,comparative analysis,mathemati cal model derivation,numeri cal simulation,input-output method and other methods. There are somepossible innovations. Firstly,this book conmbines the systematic research on classification trade effects and comprehensive effects assessment of environmental regulation,systemati cally studying three effects of environmental regulation on the foreign trade development mode transformation and then integrating trade effects of environmental regulation to construct the evaluation index system of China's foreign trade development mode transformation under environmental regulation and take measurement the analysis. Secondly,this book introduces the new perspective of factor flowing and deduces and analy zes trade effects of environmental regulation through mathemati cal models,breaking through the research framework of demonstrating the positive impact of environmental regulation on the competitiveness from the view of government-led income redistribution or techni cal innovation, from the static effects of environmental regulation on factors to the dynamic effects of environmental regulation affecting the distribution off actors. Thirdly this book improves the reliability of the conclusions and the effectiveness of policy recommendations by subdivision industry inspection and comparative research of different indicators,taking multidimensional comparative studies by comparative indicators and segmented industries with full consideration of China's complete industries and large structural differences and carrying out special studies for high-carbon industry and other pollution-intensive industries.（AI翻译）