基础研究人才是基础研究的主体，承担着更新科学知识与创新创造的重要使命：基础研究取得进展，离不开基础研究人才的努力与智慧；了解基础研究人才的分布和发展趋势，涉及对基础研究人才的评价。本书提出了一种系统的全球基础研究人才的比较方法和指标体系，为全面、准确、客观地了解全球基础研究人才的分布和发展趋势提供了详实的比较结果。

本书抽取科睿唯安 Web of Science数据库中自然科学领域的198个学科文献数据，根据中国国家自然科学基金委员会关于学科组的划分，从学科、学科组和总体三个层面将上述学科文献数据进行归类，运用文献计量方法，以学科为基本单元构建分析指标，进行学科层面的文献计量分析；在学科分析的基础上，根据学科组的划分，对应汇总相应学科的分析指标，形成学科组的分析指标：进一步汇总学科组的分析指标，形成自然科学总体的分析指标。

本书将某一地域某一研究领域的基础研究人才抽象为该地域该研究领域的人才能力，选择科睿唯安数据库2009一2018年的10年文献数据作为计量对象，通过分析文献被引数量的变化，区分人才能力的差异，以文献被引累计百分比1%%、1%、10%为标线，将基础研究人才划分为A、B、C三个层次；通过对这10年期间各年度及年度合计的统计分析，研究比较不同国家和地区的不同学科、学科组和自然科学总体三个层面基础研究人才的年度分布状况及其变化趋势，为精准制定支持基础研究及其人才发展的相关政策提供实证参考。

Basic research talents are the main body of basic research, and undertake the important mission of updating scientific knowledge and innovation and creation: the progress of basic research is inseparable from the efforts and wisdom of basic research talents; Understand the distribution and development trend of basic research talents, and involve the evaluation of basic research talents. This book puts forward a systematic comparative method and index system for global basic research talents, which provides detailed comparative results for comprehensive, accurate and objective understanding of the distribution and development trend of global basic research talents. This book extracts the literature data of 198 disciplines in the natural science field in the Clarivate Web of Science database, classifies the above-mentioned discipline literature data from the three levels of discipline, subject group and overall according to the division of subject groups by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, uses bibliometric methods, constructs analysis indicators with disciplines as the basic unit, and conducts bibliometric analysis at the discipline level. On the basis of subject analysis, according to the division of subject groups, the analysis indicators of corresponding disciplines are summarized to form analysis indicators of subject groups: the analysis indicators of subject groups are further summarized to form the overall analysis indicators of natural science. This book abstracts the basic research talents in a certain research field in a certain region into the talent capabilities of the research field in the region, selects the 10-year literature data of Clarivate Database from 2009 to 2018 as the measurement object, distinguishes the difference in talent ability by analyzing the change in the number of citations in literature, and divides the basic research talents into three levels: A, B and C by analyzing the changes in the number of citations in literature. Through the statistical analysis of each year and annual total during the 10-year period, this paper compares the annual distribution and change trend of basic research talents at different disciplines, subject groups and natural sciences in different countries and regions, so as to provide empirical reference for accurately formulating relevant policies to support basic research and its talent development.（AI翻译）