书序也即依附于典籍、著述等形式的之前或之后，旨在说明与该文本相关的任何内容，在自由中又讲究行文次第的文体。北宋时代约有一千一百九十一篇书序作品，这是当时四百一十余位作家在一个文明而升平的时代对这一文体的集体贡献。书序文体在北宋时代迎来了全面的繁荣，其成果具体体现在作品数量的激增、作者群体的庞大、书序名家名作的涌现上。北宋书序呈现出写法自由而灵活、构思精致而又耐人寻味的艺术面貌。正是强烈的自我意识渗透北宋的书序，从而对这一文体进行了上升性的改造，这种变化也带来了其文体功能的进一步扩大。在北宋的书序作者中，王禹偁的十多篇书序在语言体式上，有一种浓厚的史传笔法;欧阳修的书序中，包含着他浓重的生命意识;曾巩的“目录序”具有创体之功;《王定国诗集叙》从艺术角度而言当属苏轼书序中最优秀的作品。从文体功能上看，书序是文集传播过程中重要的传播和批评工具。书序独特的言说方式——自序中过度的谦虚、他序中的推辞和溢美，是在北宋时代稳定下来并且影响后世的。与此同时，北宋作家在选择推动传播的书序材料时，有着精心的考虑。书序作为重要的“副文本”可以形成一定的批评定势，为接下来的阅读打上一层权威底色。书序作为“首次批评”在作品批评的历史长河中，会形成不同程度的增殖，同时，不恰当的书序批评也会对读者的理解产生阻碍作用。北宋书序又具有重要的史料研究价值。书序是研究佚集与版本考证的重要线索。佚集《唐异诗集》、《东观集》、《谢希孟诗集》借助其书序的留存可撰其提要。书序是考证当时作家事迹与交游资料的武库，利用释智圆书序中丰富的署名史料可考查释智圆行实;利用曾巩为王回兄弟所作之书序，可考王氏兄弟的文坛交游。书序中又有丰富的出版史料，利用曾巩的《祠部集序》可以考述强至著述的版本流传情况。同时从宋初书序中，我们不但能感受到宋初文人对雕版印刷的欣喜和自豪，也能发现他们对当时并存的雕版、刻石、手抄等传播方式的比较和选择。 关键词:北宋　书序　整体面貌　个案风格　传播功能　批评功能　史料价值

The style of preface was written before or after the books and records，and the contents included all aspects of the text.The writing was free，whereas there were certain manners.There were about 1191 prefaces in the Northern Song Dynasty.It was collective contribution by more than 410 authors in a civilized and peaceful times.The style of preface showed prosperity generally in the Northern Song Dynasty.The achievement lied in the explosion of quantity，large group of authors and emergence of masterpieces.The style presented flexible and pregnant artistic appearance.Intense self-consciousness rebuilt the style of preface in the Northern Song Dynasty，and it helped this style to enlarge its function.There were some virtuosos of the style of preface in the Northern Song Dynasty.For example，Wang Yuchen’s prefaces had themanner of biography in historical records;Ouyang Xiu wrote the prefaceswith intense sense of life;Zeng Gong created the new style of Mu Lu Xu;Wang Dingguo Shi Ji Xu was the best work in Su Shi’s prefaces.Preface was important tool of spread and criticism in the communication process of the books.Excessivemodesty in author’s preface，and refusal and excessive praise in prefaces written by other authors had been fixed in the Northern Song Dynasty and influenced later ages.The writers of preface paid attention to selectmotivated materials.As important paratext，Preface would influence the following criticism magisterially.As the first criticism，Preface would form a different degree of growth in the reception history，and inappropriate criticism in the pref-ace would influence the readers’comprehension.The prefaces in the Northern Song Dynasty have important value of historicalmaterials，and were the important clue about lost books and edition criticism.For examp le，Taking advantage of Tang Yi Shi Ji，Dong Guan Ji and Xie Ximeng Shi Ji’s prefaces，we could write summary of these lost books.The prefaces are the storages for textual research aboutwriters’story and groups.Taking advantage of Shi Zhiyuan’s prefaces，we can research the life of Shi Zhiyuan.Taking advantage of Zeng Gong’s prefaces，we can research social intercourse of Wang Hui and his brothers in the literary world.On the other side，prefaces had a lot of publishing materials.For example，taking advantage of Zeng Gong’s Ci Bu Ji Xu，we can research editions of Qiang Zhi’sworks.Taking advantage of prefaces of the early of Song Dynasty，we can found their pride and happiness about the block printing，and their comparison and selection about the different publication methods. Key words:the Northern Song Dynasty　the Style of Preface Whole Achievement　Individual Manner　the Function of Communication　the Function of Criticism　the Value of Historical Materials