鸦片战争以来，土地公有思想勃兴。此后，孙中山等革命党人与梁启超开展了土地国有论战。论战结束后，无政府主义者继续阐发土地公有的思想；革命党人的土地国有思想则出现分化，孙中山晚年最终提出“耕者有其田”的思想。国民党继承了孙中山土地国有的思想，“第三党”则在继承的同时，还提出由土地“农有”向土地国有过渡的方案。1935年，阎锡山提出土地村公有的主张，引起土地公有与土地私有思想的大讨论，也出现了以土地农有为过渡、最终实现土地国有的思想。抗战爆发前后，土地农有思想兴起；此后，国民党的土地问题专家与学者也提出土地农有的主张。这些主张，不仅强调实现土地农有，还包含在土地农有基础上或开展合作经营或最终向土地国有过渡的内涵。

Since the Opium Wars, the idea of communal ownership of land has flourished. After that, Sun Yat-sen and other revolutionaries engaged in a controversy with Liang Qichao on land nationalization. After the polemics, the anarchists continued to elaborate on the idea of communal ownership of land; The revolutionaries' idea of nationalizing land diverged, and Sun Yat-sen finally put forward the idea that "the tiller's own land" was finally put forward in his later years. The Kuomintang inherited Sun Yat-sen's idea of nationalizing land, while the "third party" also put forward a plan for the transition from "agricultural ownership" to state-owned land. In 1935, Yan Xishan put forward the idea of public ownership of land villages, which led to a great discussion on the idea of public ownership of land and private ownership of land, and also emerged the idea of taking land farming as a transition and eventually realizing land nationalization. Before and after the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, the idea of land farming arose; Since then, the Kuomintang's land experts and scholars have also put forward the idea of land farming. These propositions not only emphasize the realization of land ownership, but also contain the connotation of land ownership or cooperative management or eventual transition to land state ownership.（AI翻译）

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